Isothiazolinones as Novel Candidate Insecticides for the Control of Hemipteran Insects

Hemipteran insects, such as whiteflies, aphids and planthoppers, resemble one of the most important pest groups threating food security. While many insecticides have been used to control these pests, many issues such as insecticide resistance have been found, highlighting the urgent need to develop...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antibiotics (Basel) 2021-04, Vol.10 (4), p.436
Main Authors: He, Wenze, Pan, Lilong, Han, Wenhao, Wang, Xiaowei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aphidoidea
benzisothiazolinone
Biocides
Biocompatibility
Chemicals
Chromatography
Constituents
Cotton
Crop diseases
Crops
Endosymbionts
Food security
hemiptera
Humidity
insecticide
Insecticide resistance
Insecticides
Insects
isothiazolinone
Kathon
Laboratories
Mass spectrometry
Microorganisms
Mortality
octylisothiazolinone
Pest control
Pesticide resistance
Pesticides
Pests
Plant diseases
Rice
Scientific imaging
Surfactants
Toxicity
Toxicity testing
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Summary:Hemipteran insects, such as whiteflies, aphids and planthoppers, resemble one of the most important pest groups threating food security. While many insecticides have been used to control these pests, many issues such as insecticide resistance have been found, highlighting the urgent need to develop novel insecticides. Here, we first observed that a commercial tetramycin solution was highly effective in killing whitefly. The major bioactive constituents were identified to be isothiazolinones, a group of biocides. We then tested the toxicity of several isothiazolinones to five hemipteran insects. The results show that Kathon, a widely used biocide against microorganisms, and its two constituents, chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT) and methylisothiazolinone (MIT), can cause considerable levels of mortality to whiteflies and aphids when applied at concentrations close to, or lower than, the upper limit of these chemicals permitted in cosmetic products. The results also indicate that two other isothiazolinones, benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and octylisothiazolinone (OIT) can cause considerable levels of mortality to whitefly and aphids but are less toxic than Kathon. Further, we show that Kathon marginally affects whitefly endosymbionts, suggesting its insecticidal activity is independent of its biocidal activity. These results suggest that some isothiazolinones are promising candidates for the development of a new class of insecticides for the control of hemipteran pests.
ISSN:2079-6382
2079-6382
DOI:10.3390/antibiotics10040436