Fauna of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in areas with endemic American cutaneous leishmaniasis in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

• Published in: Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 2013-03, Vol.57 (1), p.105-112
• Main Authors: Almeida, Paulo Silva de, Leite, Jhoy Alves, Araújo, Aldecir Dutra de, Batista, Paulo Mira, Touro, Rosineide Barbosa da Silva, Araújo, Vânia Santos, Souza, Edson José de, Rodrigues, João Batista, Oliveira, Gerson Antunes de, Santos, Jeovaldo Vieira dos, Faccenda, Odival, Andrade Filho, José Dilermando
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Diptera; ENTOMOLOGY; Insecta; Leishmania; Neotropical; Phlebotominae; Psychodidae; species diversity
• ISSN: 0085-5626; 1806-9665
• DOI: 10.1590/S0085-56262013000100016

The aim of this study was to investigate the ecological aspects of the main vectors of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in four monitoring stations situated in the municipalities of Navirai, Nova Andradina, Novo Horizonte do Sul and Rio Verde de Mato Grosso. For each monitoring station, the captures of sand flies were undertaken each month from July 2008 to June 2010 using CDC and Shannon traps. The CDC traps were installed simultaneously for three consecutive nights in three collection sites: intradomicile, peridomicile and edge of the forest. A Shannon trap was installed from dusk to 10 pm, inside the forest, one night per month. A total of 7,651 sand flies belonging to nine genera and twenty-nine species were captured. Nyssomyia neivai (52.95%), Psathyromyia hermanlenti (10.91 %), Psathyromyia runoides (9.16%), Nyssomyia whitmani (7.95%), Psathyromyia aragaoi (4.89%), Nyssomyia antunesi (3.14%) and Evandromyia bourrouli (2.20%) were the most frequent species. Approximately 65% of the sand flies were collected in the forest environment. The municipalities presented significantly different indexes of species diversity. Navirai presented the lowest species diversity index, however, it showed the highest abundance. Novo Horizonte do Sul had the highest species diversity index, but the lowest abundance (< 5%). It is noteworthy the occurrence of vector species of Leishmania in the areas studied, especially in Navirai, where Ny. neivai presented high frequencies which may explain the increased number of ACL cases in this municipality.