Metavirome Profiling and Dynamics of the DNA Viral Community in Seawater in Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia

Despite their abundance and ecological importance, little is known about the diversity of marine viruses, in part because most cannot be cultured in the laboratory. Here, we used high-throughput viral metagenomics of uncultivated viruses to investigate the dynamics of DNA viruses in tropical seawate...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2023-05, Vol.15 (6), p.1293
Main Authors: Jung, Seung Won, Kim, Kang Eun, Kim, Hyun-Jung, Lee, Taek-Kyun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abundance
Bacteriophages - genetics
Biological diversity
Brief Report
Classification
Climate change
Comparative analysis
Cyanobacteria
cyanophage
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA virus community
DNA viruses
DNA Viruses - genetics
Ecosystems
Environmental aspects
Environmental factors
eukaryotic virus
Genetic aspects
Genetic testing
Genomics
Humans
Marine microbiology
Metagenomics
metavirome
Micronesia coastal waters
Phages
Phylogeny
Salinity
Seasonal variations
Seawater
Taxonomy
Viral infections
Virus research
Viruses
Viruses - genetics
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Summary:Despite their abundance and ecological importance, little is known about the diversity of marine viruses, in part because most cannot be cultured in the laboratory. Here, we used high-throughput viral metagenomics of uncultivated viruses to investigate the dynamics of DNA viruses in tropical seawater sampled from Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia, in March, June, and December 2014. Among the identified viruses, 71-79% were bacteriophages belonging to the families , , and ( ), listed in order of abundance at all sampling times. Although the measured environmental factors (temperature, salinity, and pH) remained unchanged in the seawater over time, viral dynamics changed. The proportion of cyanophages (34.7%) was highest in June, whereas the proportion of mimiviruses, phycodnaviruses, and other nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDVs) was higher in March and December. Although host species were not analysed, the dramatic viral community change observed in June was likely due to changes in the abundance of cyanophage-infected cyanobacteria, whereas that in NCLDVs was likely due to the abundance of potential eukaryote-infected hosts. These results serve as a basis for comparative analyses of other marine viral communities, and guide policy-making when considering marine life care in Chuuk State.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v15061293