Thermodynamics of f(R) Gravity with Disformal Transformation

We study thermodynamics in f ( R ) gravity with the disformal transformation. The transformation applied to the matter Lagrangian has the form of γ μ ν = A ( ϕ , X ) g μ ν + B ( ϕ , X ) ∂ μ ϕ ∂ ν ϕ with the assumption of the Minkowski matter metric γ μ ν = η μ ν , where ϕ is the disformal scalar and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2019-02, Vol.21 (2), p.172
Main Authors: Geng, Chao-Qiang, Hsu, Wei-Cheng, Lu, Jhih-Rong, Luo, Ling-Wei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics
Cosmology
Dark energy
disformal transformation
Equations of state
Equilibrium
f(R) gravity
Geometry
Gravity
Spacetime
Thermodynamics
Transformations
Universe
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Summary:We study thermodynamics in f ( R ) gravity with the disformal transformation. The transformation applied to the matter Lagrangian has the form of γ μ ν = A ( ϕ , X ) g μ ν + B ( ϕ , X ) ∂ μ ϕ ∂ ν ϕ with the assumption of the Minkowski matter metric γ μ ν = η μ ν , where ϕ is the disformal scalar and X is the corresponding kinetic term of ϕ . We verify the generalized first and second laws of thermodynamics in this disformal type of f ( R ) gravity in the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universe. In addition, we show that the Hubble parameter contains the disformally induced terms, which define the effectively varying equations of state for matter.
ISSN:1099-4300
1099-4300
DOI:10.3390/e21020172