Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Emerging Roles in Bone Metastasis

Bone metastasis is the most advanced stage of many cancers and indicates a poor prognosis for patients due to resistance to anti-tumor therapies. The establishment of metastasis within the bone is a multistep process. To ensure survival within the bone marrow, tumor cells must initially colonize a n...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2018-04, Vol.19 (4), p.1121
Main Authors: Graham, Nicola, Qian, Bin-Zhi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
bone
Bone Neoplasms - pathology
Bone Neoplasms - secondary
cancer-associated fibroblasts
Cell Proliferation
dormancy
Homeostasis
Humans
mesenchymal stem cells
Mesenchymal Stem Cells - physiology
metastasis
metastatic niche
Review
Stem Cell Niche
stromal cells
Tumor Microenvironment
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Summary:Bone metastasis is the most advanced stage of many cancers and indicates a poor prognosis for patients due to resistance to anti-tumor therapies. The establishment of metastasis within the bone is a multistep process. To ensure survival within the bone marrow, tumor cells must initially colonize a niche in which they can enter dormancy. Subsequently, reactivation permits the proliferation and growth of the tumor cells, giving rise to a macro-metastasis displayed clinically as a bone metastatic lesion. Here, we review the evidences that suggest mesenchymal stromal cells play an important role in each of these steps throughout the development of bone metastasis. Similarities between the molecular mechanisms implicated in these processes and those involved in the homeostasis of the bone indicate that the metastatic cells may exploit the homeostatic processes to their own advantage. Identifying the molecular interactions between the mesenchymal stromal cells and tumor cells that promote tumor development may offer insight into potential therapeutic targets that could be utilized to treat bone metastasis.
ISSN:1422-0067
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms19041121