Cyanobacteria Application Ameliorates Floral Traits and Outcrossing Rate in Diverse Rice Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Lines

In rice, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) represents an irreplaceable strategy for producing high-yielding hybrid rice based on the commercial exploitation of heterosis. Thereupon, enhancing floral traits and outcrossing rates in CMS lines increase hybrid seed production and ensure global food secur...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plants (Basel) 2022-12, Vol.11 (24), p.3411
Main Authors: Hamad, Hassan Sh, Bleih, Eman M, Gewaily, Elsayed E, Abou Elataa, Ahmed E, El Sherbiny, Heba A, Abdelhameid, Noha M, Rehan, Medhat
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural production
Agricultural research
Amino acids
Anabaena
Anabaena oryzae
Bacteria
Biomass
Climate change
CMS lines
Crop production
Crop yield
Crop yields
Cyanobacteria
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasmic male sterility
floral traits
Food
Food security
Food supply
Genetic aspects
Heterosis
hybrid rice
Influence
Male sterility
Males
Microorganisms
Morphology
Nostoc
Nostoc muscorum
Plant growth
Polyamines
principal component analysis
Productivity
Rice
Security management
Seed industry
Seed set
seed yield
Seeding
Seeds
Sterility in plants
Stigmas (botany)
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Summary:In rice, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) represents an irreplaceable strategy for producing high-yielding hybrid rice based on the commercial exploitation of heterosis. Thereupon, enhancing floral traits and outcrossing rates in CMS lines increase hybrid seed production and ensure global food security. The exogenous application of cyanobacteria could enhance outcrossing rates in CMS lines and, accordingly, hybrid rice seed production. In the present study, we aimed at exploring the impact of cyanobacteria implementation such as , , and their mixture to promote the floral traits, outcrossing rates, and seed production in hybrid rice. The impact of cyanobacteria ( (T2), (T3), and their combination (T4) versus the untreated control (T1) was investigated for two years on the growth, floral, and yield traits of five diverse CMS lines, namely IR69625A (L1), IR58025A (L2), IR70368A (L3), G46A (L4), and K17A(L5). The evaluated CMS lines exhibited significant differences in all measured floral traits (days to heading (DTH), total stigma length (TSL), stigma width (SW), duration of spikelet opening (DSO), spikelet opening angle (SOA)). Additionally, L4 displayed the uppermost total stigma length and stigma width, whereas L1 and L5 recorded the best duration of spikelet opening and spikelet opening angle. Notably, these mentioned CMS lines exhibited the highest plant growth and yield traits, particularly under T4 treatment. Strong positive relationships were distinguished between the duration of the spikelet opening, panicle exertion, panicle weight, seed set, grain yield, total stigma length, spikelet opening angle, stigma width, and number of fertile panicles per hill. Cyanobacteria is a potential promising tool to increase floral traits and seed production in hybrid rice.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants11243411