Accelerator and zinc-free prevulcanized latex based on natural rubber-bearing benzyl chloride groups

The present study aimed to prepare prevulcanized latex from modified natural rubber (NR) latex, graft copolymers of natural rubber and poly(vinylbenzyl chloride), NR-g-PVBC. The prevulcanized latex was prepared by heating NR-g-PVBC latex in the presence of adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH). The study sh...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Express polymer letters 2024-02, Vol.18 (2), p.229-242
Main Authors: Bunsanong, Anchisa, Thongnuanchan, Bencha, Ninjan, Rattanawadee, Salaeh, Subhan, Lopattananon, Natinee, Masa, Abdulhakim
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipic acid
Chloride
Chlorides
Crosslinking
curing
elastomer
Electrons
Emulsion polymerization
Fourier transforms
Graft copolymers
Latex
Microscopy
Morphology
Natural rubber
Photoelectrons
Rubber
Rubbery plateau modulus
Spectrum analysis
Storage modulus
Sulfur
Tensile properties
Tensile strength
Vulcanization
X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Zeta potential
Zinc
Zinc oxides
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Summary:The present study aimed to prepare prevulcanized latex from modified natural rubber (NR) latex, graft copolymers of natural rubber and poly(vinylbenzyl chloride), NR-g-PVBC. The prevulcanized latex was prepared by heating NR-g-PVBC latex in the presence of adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH). The study showed that the tensile strength of the NR-g-PVBC films with ADH was significantly higher than that without ADH. Interactions of NR-g-PVBC with ADH were further investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Higher storage modulus (E') in the rubbery plateau region was also observed for the films with ADH than that without ADH. These results corroborated that the crosslinking reaction occurred in the film with the addition of ADH. It was found that the optimal prevulcanization time was 20 min at 55 °C. After that, the effect of storage on the tensile properties of the prevulcanized latex was studied. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis was perfonned to follow changes in the surface morphology of films obtained from the prevulcanized latex. A zeta potential value of-37.83 was observed for the prevulcanized latex after being stored for 60 days. Therefore, the present study strated that poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) onto NR particles offered an opportunity to prepare a new type of prevulcanized latex. This new system was accelerator-free and zinc-free, considered more environment-friendly than a sulfur-pre-vulcanization system.
ISSN:1788-618X
1788-618X
DOI:10.3144/expresspolymlett.2024.16