Engineering Magnetosomes for High-Performance Cancer Vaccination

• Published in: ACS central science 2019-05, Vol.5 (5), p.796-807
• Main Authors: Li, Feng, Nie, Weidong, Zhang, Fan, Lu, Guihong, Lv, Chengliang, Lv, Yanlin, Bao, Weier, Zhang, Lijun, Wang, Shuang, Gao, Xiaoyong, Wei, Wei, Xie, Hai-Yan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 2374-7943; 2374-7951
• DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00060

A novel cancer vaccine is developed by using Fe3O4 magnetic nanoclusters (MNCs) as the core and cancer cell membranes decorated with anti-CD205 as the cloak. Because of the superparamagnetism and magnetization of MNCs, it is first achieved for the magnetic retention of vaccine in the lymph nodes with a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guide, which opened the time window for antigen uptake by dendritic cells (DCs). Meanwhile, the camouflaged cancer cell membranes serve as a reservoir of various antigens, enabling subsequent multiantigenic response. Additionally, the decorated anti-CD205 direct more vaccine into CD8+ DCs, facilitating the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I cross-presentation. These unique advantages together lead to a great proliferation of T cells with superior clonal diversity and cytotoxic activity. As a result, potent prophylactic and therapeutic effects with few abnormalities are observed on five different tumor models. Therefore, such a cancer-derived magnetosome with the integration of various recent nanotechnologies successfully demonstrates its promise for safe and high-performance cancer vaccination.