Bright and stable anti-counterfeiting devices with independent stochastic processes covering multiple length scales

Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are considered the most promising approach to address the global issue of counterfeiting. Current PUF devices are often based on a single stochastic process, which can be broken, especially since their practical encoding capacities can be significantly lower than...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature communications 2025-01, Vol.16 (1), p.502-11, Article 502
Main Authors: Zhang, Junfang, Creamer, Adam, Xie, Kai, Tang, Jiaqing, Salter, Luke, Wojciechowski, Jonathan P., Stevens, Molly M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
140/131
142/126
639/166/898
639/301/1005/1008
639/925/357/354
Brightness
Coding
Counterfeiting
Devices
Embedding
End users
Fluorescence
Humanities and Social Sciences
multidisciplinary
Nanoparticles
Photoresists
Polymer films
Polymers
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Stochastic processes
Thin films
Ultraviolet radiation
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Summary:Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are considered the most promising approach to address the global issue of counterfeiting. Current PUF devices are often based on a single stochastic process, which can be broken, especially since their practical encoding capacities can be significantly lower than the theoretical value. Here we present stochastic PUF devices with features across multiple length scales, which incorporate semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) as fluorescent taggants. The SPNs exhibit high brightness, photostability and size tunability when compared to the current state-of-the-art taggants. As a result, they are easily detectable and highly resilient to UV radiation. By embedding SPNs in photoresists, we generate PUFs consisting of nanoscale (distribution of SPNs within microspots), microscale (fractal edges on microspots), and macroscale (random microspot array) designs. With the assistance of a deep-learning model, the resulting PUFs show both near-ideal performance and accessibility for general end users, offering a strategy for next-generation security devices. Here, authors develop an anti-counterfeiting device using semiconducting polymer nanoparticles embedded in photoresist thin films. The device exhibits high brightness, stability, and encoding capacity, with promising uniqueness and reliability under UV exposure, high humidity, and temperature variations.
ISSN:2041-1723
2041-1723
DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-55646-4