The Functional Heterogeneity of Neutrophil-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reflects the Status of the Parent Cell

Similar to other cell types, neutrophilic granulocytes also release extracellular vesicles (EVs), mainly medium-sized microvesicles/microparticles. According to published data, authors have reached a consensus on the physical parameters (size, density) and chemical composition (surface proteins, pro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2020-12, Vol.9 (12), p.2718
Main Authors: Kolonics, Ferenc, Szeifert, Viktória, Timár, Csaba I, Ligeti, Erzsébet, Lőrincz, Ákos M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
anti-inflammatory effects
Antigens
Apoptosis
Biopsy
Biosynthesis
Cancer
Communication
Disease
Environmental conditions
Extracellular vesicles
Fibroblasts
Gene expression
Homeostasis
Inflammation
Leukocytes (granulocytic)
Leukocytes (neutrophilic)
Mac1 protein
Medical research
Microparticles
microvesicles
neutrophils
Pathogens
pro-inflammatory effects
Proteins
Proteomics
Review
Reviews
Separation techniques
Storage conditions
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Summary:Similar to other cell types, neutrophilic granulocytes also release extracellular vesicles (EVs), mainly medium-sized microvesicles/microparticles. According to published data, authors have reached a consensus on the physical parameters (size, density) and chemical composition (surface proteins, proteomics) of neutrophil-derived EVs. In contrast, there is large diversity and even controversy in the reported functional properties. Part of the discrepancy may be ascribed to differences in the viability of the starting cells, in eliciting factors, in separation techniques and in storage conditions. However, the most recent data from our laboratory prove that the same population of neutrophils is able to generate EVs with different functional properties, transmitting pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects on neighboring cells. Previously we have shown that Mac-1 integrin is a key factor that switches anti-inflammatory EV generation into pro-inflammatory and antibacterial EV production. This paper reviews current knowledge on the functional alterations initiated by neutrophil-derived EVs, listing their effects according to the triggering agents and target cells. We summarize the presence of neutrophil-derived EVs in pathological processes and their perspectives in diagnostics and therapy. Finally, the functional heterogeneity of differently triggered EVs indicates that neutrophils are capable of producing a broad spectrum of EVs, depending on the environmental conditions prevailing at the time of EV genesis.
ISSN:2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI:10.3390/cells9122718