Immuno-SPR biosensor for the detection of Brucella abortus

• Published in: Scientific reports 2023-12, Vol.13 (1), p.22832-22832, Article 22832
• Main Authors: Pasquardini, Laura, Cennamo, Nunzio, Arcadio, Francesco, Perri, Chiara, Chiodi, Alessandro, D’agostino, Girolamo, Zeni, Luigi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 631/61; 639/166; 639/624; 692/700; Bacteria; Biosensors; Brucella abortus; Carbodiimide; Humanities and Social Sciences; Membrane proteins; Microfluidics; multidisciplinary; Polyethylene glycol; Protein G; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Surface plasmon resonance
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50344-5

A proof of principle biosensor for the Brucella abortus recognition onsite is presented. The system is based on a plasmonic optical fiber probe functionalized with an oriented antibody layer immobilized on a short polyethyleneglycol (PEG) interface through carbodiimide chemistry and protein G as an intermediate layer. The biosensor is inserted in a holder built in 3D printing technology, obtaining a custom holder useful for housing the sample to be measured and the equipment. The removable sensor chip is a low-cost Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) platform based on D-shaped plastic optical fibers (POFs), built-in in 3D printed connectors, used here for the first time to detect bacteria via a bio-receptor layer specific for its membrane protein. The performances of the biosensor in Brucella abortus recognition are tested by using two different SPR-POF probes combined with the same bio-receptor layer. The best sensor configuration has presented a sensitivity at low concentrations of one order of magnitude greater than the other. A limit of detection (LoD) of 2.8 bacteria/mL is achieved well competitive with other systems but without the need for amplification or special sample treatments. Specificity has been tested using Salmonella bacteria, and reproducibility, regenerability and stability are moreover evaluated. These experimental results pave the way for building an efficient and specific biosensor system for Brucella abortus detection onsite and in a few minutes. Moreover, the proposed POF-based SPR biosensor device, with respect to the already available technologies, could be a Point-of-care-test (POCT), simple to use, small-size and portable, low-cost, don’t necessary of a microfluidic system, and can be connected to the Internet (IoT).