Available In Vitro Models for Human Satellite Cells from Skeletal Muscle

Skeletal muscle accounts for almost 40% of the total adult human body mass. This tissue is essential for structural and mechanical functions such as posture, locomotion, and breathing, and it is endowed with an extraordinary ability to adapt to physiological changes associated with growth and physic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2021-12, Vol.22 (24), p.13221
Main Authors: Romagnoli, Cecilia, Iantomasi, Teresa, Brandi, Maria Luisa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
2D/3D models
Aging
Atrophy
Body mass
Cell culture
Cell Culture Techniques - methods
Cell cycle
Cell lines
Cells (biology)
Connective tissue
Gene expression
Growth factors
Homeostasis
Humans
In Vitro Techniques
Locomotion
Metabolism
Models, Biological
Muscle contraction
Muscles
Muscular dystrophy
Musculoskeletal system
Myogenesis
Physical exercise
Review
Satellite cells
Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle - cytology
Skeletal muscle
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Two dimensional models
Vertebrates
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Summary:Skeletal muscle accounts for almost 40% of the total adult human body mass. This tissue is essential for structural and mechanical functions such as posture, locomotion, and breathing, and it is endowed with an extraordinary ability to adapt to physiological changes associated with growth and physical exercise, as well as tissue damage. Moreover, skeletal muscle is the most age-sensitive tissue in mammals. Due to aging, but also to several diseases, muscle wasting occurs with a loss of muscle mass and functionality, resulting from disuse atrophy and defective muscle regeneration, associated with dysfunction of satellite cells, which are the cells responsible for maintaining and repairing adult muscle. The most established cell lines commonly used to study muscle homeostasis come from rodents, but there is a need to study skeletal muscle using human models, which, due to ethical implications, consist primarily of in vitro culture, which is the only alternative way to vertebrate model organisms. This review will survey in vitro 2D/3D models of human satellite cells to assess skeletal muscle biology for pre-clinical investigations and future directions.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms222413221