The Effect of Arabic Gum on Renal Function in Reversible Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

• Published in: Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2019-01, Vol.9 (1), p.25
• Main Authors: Hammad, Fayez T, Salam, Suhail Al, Nemmar, Abderrahim, Ali, Mahmoud, Lubbad, Loay
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-inflammatory agents; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Antioxidants - therapeutic use; Arabic gum; Blood flow; Cytokines; Drinking water; Experiments; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Gum Arabic - pharmacology; Gum Arabic - therapeutic use; Gums; histology; Inflammation; Kidney - drug effects; Kidney - metabolism; Kidney - pathology; Kidneys; Male; Malondialdehyde - metabolism; Nephropathy; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; p53 Protein; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Renal function; renal functions; Statistical analysis; Superoxide dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 - genetics; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 - metabolism; Transforming growth factor-b1; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - genetics; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - metabolism; Ureter; Ureteral Obstruction - drug therapy; Ureteral Obstruction - metabolism; Ureteral Obstruction - pathology; ureteric obstruction; Urine
• ISSN: 2218-273X; 2218-273X
• DOI: 10.3390/biom9010025

Arabic gum (AG) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of AG in ureteric obstruction (UO) has not been investigated yet. Male rats underwent reversible left unilateral UO (UUO) for 72 h. Group AG-1 (n = 12) received AG 15 g/kg/day dissolved in drinking water starting seven days before and continuing throughout the period of the UUO, whereas group Vx-1 (n = 8) had only water. Group AG-2 (n = 12) and Vx-2 (n = 8) had similar protocols as AG-1 and Vx-1, respectively, but underwent terminal experiments to measure renal functions, six days post-UUO reversal. Arabic gum significantly attenuated the UUO-induced increase in the tissue level of malonedialdehyde and superoxide dismutase and the rise in the gene expression of TNF-α, TGF-β1, and p53 in AG-1 compared to Vx-1. It also attenuated the severity of tubular dilatation. However, AG did not affect the alterations in the renal blood flow or glomerular filtration rate. The fractional sodium excretion was lower in AG-2 but did not reach statistical significance (0.40 ± 0.11 vs 0.74 ± 0.12, p = 0.07). AG attenuated the UUO-induced rise in oxidative stress markers and proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines and the degree of renal tubular dilatation, indicating a protective effect in obstructive nephropathy.