A whole-brain neuromark resting-state fMRI analysis of first-episode and early psychosis: Evidence of aberrant cortical-subcortical-cerebellar functional circuitry

• Published in: NeuroImage clinical 2024, Vol.41, p.103584-103584, Article 103584
• Main Authors: Jensen, Kyle M., Calhoun, Vince D., Fu, Zening, Yang, Kun, Faria, Andreia V., Ishizuka, Koko, Sawa, Akira, Andrés-Camazón, Pablo, Coffman, Brian A., Seebold, Dylan, Turner, Jessica A., Salisbury, Dean F., Iraji, Armin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Early psychosis (EP); First-episode psychosis (FEP); Functional network connectivity (FNC); Independent component analysis (ICA); Resting-state fMRI; Schizophrenia
• ISSN: 2213-1582; 2213-1582
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103584

•Neuromark analysis reveals whole-brain dysconnectivity in first-episode psychosis.•Brain regions disrupted early in psychosis are involved in key cognitive functions.•Aberrant connectivity in auditory and language networks observed early in psychosis.•Aberrant connectivity in psychosis may support a cognitive dysmetria framework. Psychosis (including symptoms of delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized conduct/speech) is a main feature of schizophrenia and is frequently present in other major psychiatric illnesses. Studies in individuals with first-episode (FEP) and early psychosis (EP) have the potential to interpret aberrant connectivity associated with psychosis during a period with minimal influence from medication and other confounds. The current study uses a data-driven whole-brain approach to examine patterns of aberrant functional network connectivity (FNC) in a multi-site dataset comprising resting-state functional magnetic resonance images (rs-fMRI) from 117 individuals with FEP or EP and 130 individuals without a psychiatric disorder, as controls. Accounting for age, sex, race, head motion, and multiple imaging sites, differences in FNC were identified between psychosis and control participants in cortical (namely the inferior frontal gyrus, superior medial frontal gyrus, postcentral gyrus, supplementary motor area, posterior cingulate cortex, and superior and middle temporal gyri), subcortical (the caudate, thalamus, subthalamus, and hippocampus), and cerebellar regions. The prominent pattern of reduced cerebellar connectivity in psychosis is especially noteworthy, as most studies focus on cortical and subcortical regions, neglecting the cerebellum. The dysconnectivity reported here may indicate disruptions in cortical-subcortical-cerebellar circuitry involved in rudimentary cognitive functions which may serve as reliable correlates of psychosis.