The Enhancement of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy of Escherichia Coli by a Functionalized Combination of Photosensitizers: In Vitro Examination of Single Cells by Quantitative Phase Imaging

The prevention of biofilm formation is crucial for the limitation of bacterial infections typically associated with postoperative infections, complications in bedridden patients, and a short-term prognosis in affected cancer patients or mechanically ventilated patients. Antimicrobial photodynamic th...

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Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-05, Vol.23 (11), p.6137
Main Authors: Pietrowska, Aleksandra, Hołowacz, Iwona, Ulatowska-Jarża, Agnieszka, Guźniczak, Mateusz, Matczuk, Anna K, Wieliczko, Alina, Wolf-Baca, Mirela, Buzalewicz, Igor
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accumulation
Acids
Antibiotics
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Antimicrobial agents
antimicrobial photodynamic therapy
Bacteria
Bacterial infections
Biofilms
Chlorin e6
digital holotomography
Digital imaging
DNA damage
E coli
Efficiency
Efflux
Escherichia coli
Gram-negative bacteria
Gram-positive bacteria
Immobilization
Infections
Medical imaging
Microscopy
Patients
Pheophorbide a
photodynamic inactivation
Photodynamic therapy
quantitative phase imaging
Refractivity
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Summary:The prevention of biofilm formation is crucial for the limitation of bacterial infections typically associated with postoperative infections, complications in bedridden patients, and a short-term prognosis in affected cancer patients or mechanically ventilated patients. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) emerges as a promising alternative for the prevention of infections due to the inability of bacteria to become resistant to aPDT inactivation processes. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the use of a functionalized combination of Chlorin e6 and Pheophorbide as a new approach to more effective aPDT by increasing the accumulation of photosensitizers (PSs) within cells. The accumulation of PSs and changes in the dry mass density of single-cell bacteria before and after aPDT treatment were investigated by digital holotomography (DHT) using the refractive index as an imaging contrast for 3D label-free live bacteria cell imaging. The results confirmed that DHT can be used in complex examination of the cell-photosensitizer interaction and characterization of the efficiency of aPDT. Furthermore, the use of Pheophorbide a as an efflux pomp inhibitor in combination with Chlorin e6 increases photosensitizers accumulation within and overcomes the limited penetration of Gram-negative cells by anionic and neutral photosensitizers.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23116137