pH Mapping of Skeletal Muscle by Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is extensively used in clinical and basic biomedical research. However, MRI detection of pH changes still poses a technical challenge. Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging is a possible solution to this problem. Using saturation transfer, alterations...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2020-12, Vol.9 (12), p.2610
Main Authors: Chen, Yu-Wen, Liu, Hong-Qing, Wu, Qixuan, Huang, Yu-Han, Tung, Yu-Ying, Lin, Ming-Huang, Lin, Chia-Huei, Chen, Tsai-Chen, Lin, Eugene C, Hwang, Dennis W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Animals
Behavior, Animal
Calibration
CEST
Creatine - analysis
Creatinine - metabolism
Electric Stimulation
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Molecular Imaging - methods
MRI
muscle
Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
Phantoms, Imaging
Phosphocreatine - metabolism
Phosphorus Radioisotopes
Protons
Reproducibility of Results
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Summary:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is extensively used in clinical and basic biomedical research. However, MRI detection of pH changes still poses a technical challenge. Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging is a possible solution to this problem. Using saturation transfer, alterations in the exchange rates between the solute and water protons because of small pH changes can be detected with greater sensitivity. In this study, we examined a fatigued skeletal muscle model in electrically stimulated mice. The measured CEST signal ratio was between 1.96 ppm and 2.6 ppm in the z-spectrum, and this was associated with pH values based on the ratio between the creatine (Cr) and the phosphocreatine (PCr). The CEST results demonstrated a significant contrast change at the electrical stimulation site. Moreover, the pH value was observed to decrease from 7.23 to 7.15 within 20 h after electrical stimulation. This pH decrease was verified by P magnetic resonance spectroscopy and behavioral tests, which showed a consistent variation over time.
ISSN:2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI:10.3390/cells9122610