Distribution of phlebotomine fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) across an urban-rural gradient in an area of endemic visceral leishmaniasis in northern Brazil

The number of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases has increased over the past 10 years in Brazil, especially in the North and Northeast regions of the country. The aim of this study was to evaluate the urbanisation of VL vectors in Barcarena, Pará, an area in northern Brazil where VL is endemic. Sandf...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 2011-12, Vol.106 (8), p.1039-1044
Main Authors: Oliveira, Davi Marcos Souza de, Saraiva, Elvira Maria, Ishikawa, Edna Aoba Yassui, Sousa, Adelson Alcimar Almeida de, Silva, Edilene Oliveira da, Silva, Ivoneide Maria da
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Brazil
endemic area
Female
Insect Vectors - classification
Leishmaniasis, Visceral - transmission
Male
PARASITOLOGY
Phlebotominae
Population Density
Population Dynamics
Psychodidae - classification
Rural Population
Seasons
TROPICAL MEDICINE
Urban Population
vectors
visceral leishmaniasis
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Summary:The number of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases has increased over the past 10 years in Brazil, especially in the North and Northeast regions of the country. The aim of this study was to evaluate the urbanisation of VL vectors in Barcarena, Pará, an area in northern Brazil where VL is endemic. Sandflies were captured using Centers for Disease Control (CDC) light traps along an urban-rural gradient. The CDC traps were installed inside hen houses at a height of 150 cm. A total of 5,089 sandflies were collected and 11 species were identified. The predominant species was Lutzomyia longipalpis (rate of 95.15%), which suggests its participation in the transmission of VL. A total of 1,451 Lu. longipalpis females were dissected and no Leishmania infections were detected. Most of the sandflies were captured at the border of a forest (88.25%) and no flies were captured in the urban area, which suggests that transmission is still restricted to rural sites. However, the fact that a specimen was collected in an intermediate area indicates that urbanisation is a real possibility and that vector monitoring is important.
ISSN:0074-0276
1678-8060
1678-8060
0074-0276
DOI:10.1590/S0074-02762011000800023