Sensing-Efficient Transmit Beamforming for ISAC with MIMO Radar and MU-MIMO Communication

We focus on an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system—a single platform equipped with multiple antennas transmitting a waveform to detect targets and communicate with downlink users. Due to spectrum sharing between multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) radar and multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO)...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Remote sensing (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2024-08, Vol.16 (16), p.3028
Main Authors: Liu, Huimin, Li, Yong, Cheng, Wei, Dong, Limeng, Beiming Yan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Approximation
Beamforming
Business metrics
Communication
Communications systems
Design
Design optimization
Design parameters
Downlinking
Effectiveness
integrated sensing and communication (ISAC)
joint transmit beamforming
MIMO communication
MIMO radar
MU-MIMO
Noise threshold
Optimization
Performance evaluation
Power
Radar
Radar beams
Regularization
Splitting
Target detection
Tradeoffs
Transmitters
Waveforms
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Summary:We focus on an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system—a single platform equipped with multiple antennas transmitting a waveform to detect targets and communicate with downlink users. Due to spectrum sharing between multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) radar and multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) communication, beamforming is becoming increasingly important as a technique that enables the creation of directional beams. In this paper, we propose a novel joint transmit beamforming design scheme that employs a beam pattern approximation strategy for radar sensing and utilizes rate-splitting for multiuser communication offering advanced interference management strategies. The optimization problems are formulated from both radar-centric and trade-off viewpoints. First, we propose a radar-centric beamforming scheme to achieve sensing efficiency through beam pattern approximation, while requiring the fairness signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) to be higher than a given threshold to guarantee a minimal level of communication quality, while the obtained performance for the communication system is limited in this scheme. To address this problem, we propose a beamforming design scheme from a trade-off viewpoint that flexibly optimizes both sensing and communication performances with a regularization parameter. Finally, we propose a partial rate-splitting-based beamforming design method aimed at maximizing the effective sensing power, with the constraint of a minimal sum rate for downlink users. Numerical results are provided to assess the effectiveness of all proposed schemes.
ISSN:2072-4292
DOI:10.3390/rs16163028