Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Induced by Oxidative Stress

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM can lead to multiple cardiovascular complications, including coronary artery disease (CAD), cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure (HF). HF represents one of the most common ca...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2015-10, Vol.16 (10), p.25234-25263
Main Authors: Kayama, Yosuke, Raaz, Uwe, Jagger, Ann, Adam, Matti, Schellinger, Isabel N, Sakamoto, Masaya, Suzuki, Hirofumi, Toyama, Kensuke, Spin, Joshua M, Tsao, Philip S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cardiovascular disease
Diabetes
diabetes mellitus
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - drug therapy
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - metabolism
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - pathology
diabetic heart
diabetic vascular disease
Fibrosis
Humans
Morbidity
Mortality
Oxidative Stress
Review
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Summary:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM can lead to multiple cardiovascular complications, including coronary artery disease (CAD), cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure (HF). HF represents one of the most common causes of death in patients with DM and results from DM-induced CAD and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Oxidative stress is closely associated with the pathogenesis of DM and results from overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS overproduction is associated with hyperglycemia and metabolic disorders, such as impaired antioxidant function in conjunction with impaired antioxidant activity. Long-term exposure to oxidative stress in DM induces chronic inflammation and fibrosis in a range of tissues, leading to formation and progression of disease states in these tissues. Indeed, markers for oxidative stress are overexpressed in patients with DM, suggesting that increased ROS may be primarily responsible for the development of diabetic complications. Therefore, an understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms mediated by oxidative stress is crucial to the prevention and treatment of diabetes-induced CVD. The current review focuses on the relationship between diabetes-induced CVD and oxidative stress, while highlighting the latest insights into this relationship from findings on diabetic heart and vascular disease.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms161025234