Sensing the Generation of Intracellular Free Electrons Using the Inactive Catalytic Subunit of Cytochrome P450s as a Sink

Cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) abstracts electrons from Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate H (NADPH), transferring them to an active Cytochrome P450 (CYP) site to provide a functional CYP. In the present study, a yeast strain was genetically engineered to delete the endogenous CPR gene. A...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2020-07, Vol.20 (14), p.4050
Main Authors: Akintade, Damilare D, Chaudhuri, Bhabatosh
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenine
Apoptosis
Bioreactors
biosensor
Biosensors
Catalytic Domain
Chemical reactions
CYP activation
Cytochrome
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - genetics
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism
Cytochromes P450
Electrodes
Electrons
Enzymes
free electron and CYP
Free electrons
Genetic engineering
Humans
Metabolism
Metabolites
mitochondria and CYP
NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase - genetics
NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase - metabolism
Nicotinamide
Oxidation
Oxidation-Reduction
Proteins
Reactive oxygen species
Reductases
Surfactants
Yeast
yeast CYP expression
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Summary:Cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) abstracts electrons from Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate H (NADPH), transferring them to an active Cytochrome P450 (CYP) site to provide a functional CYP. In the present study, a yeast strain was genetically engineered to delete the endogenous CPR gene. A human CYP expressed in a CPR-null (yRD ) strain was inactive. It was queried if Bax-which induces apoptosis in yeast and human cells by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-substituted for the absence of CPR. Since Bax-generated ROS stems from an initial release of electrons, is it possible for these released electrons to be captured by an inactive CYP to make it active once again? In this study, yeast cells that did not contain any CPR activity (i.e., because the yeasts' CPR gene was completely deleted) were used to show that (a) human CYPs produced within CPR-null (yRD-) yeast cells were inactive and (b) low levels of the pro-apoptotic human Bax protein could activate inactive human CYPs within this yeast cells. Surprisingly, Bax activated three inactive CYP proteins, confirming that it could compensate for CPR's absence within yeast cells. These findings could be useful in research, development of bioassays, bioreactors, biosensors, and disease diagnosis, among others.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s20144050