Gut Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids: Impact on Cancer Treatment Response and Toxicities

The gut microbiota has emerged as a key modulator of cancer treatment responses in terms of both efficacy and toxicity. This effect is clearly mediated by processes impacting the activation and modulation of immune responses. More recently, the ability to regulate chemotherapeutic drug metabolism ha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microorganisms (Basel) 2022-10, Vol.10 (10), p.2048
Main Authors: Al-Qadami, Ghanyah H, Secombe, Kate R, Subramaniam, Courtney B, Wardill, Hannah R, Bowen, Joanne M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Care and treatment
Chemical properties
Chemotherapy
Clinical outcomes
Colorectal cancer
Digestive system
Drug metabolism
Fatty acids
Fermentation
Gastrointestinal tract
Genetic aspects
Health aspects
Homeostasis
Immune response
Immune system
Immunomodulation
Immunotherapy
Inflammation
Intestinal microflora
Lymphocytes
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Metabolism
Metabolites
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Microorganisms
Radiation therapy
radiotherapy
Review
Roles
short-chain fatty acids
Side effects
Toxicity
Tumors
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Summary:The gut microbiota has emerged as a key modulator of cancer treatment responses in terms of both efficacy and toxicity. This effect is clearly mediated by processes impacting the activation and modulation of immune responses. More recently, the ability to regulate chemotherapeutic drug metabolism has also emerged as a key driver of response, although the direct mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. Through fermentation, the gut microbiota can produce several types of metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs play an important role in maintaining epithelial barrier functions and intestinal homeostasis, with recent work suggesting that SCFAs can modulate response to cancer treatments and influence both anti-tumor immune response and inflammatory-related side effects. In this review, we will discuss the importance of SCFAs and their implications for cancer treatment response and toxicities.
ISSN:2076-2607
2076-2607
DOI:10.3390/microorganisms10102048