The Impact of Haplotypes of the FTO Gene, Lifestyle, and Dietary Patterns on BMI and Metabolic Syndrome in Polish Young Adult Men

• Published in: Nutrients 2024-05, Vol.16 (11), p.1615
• Main Authors: Górczyńska-Kosiorz, Sylwia, Lejawa, Mateusz, Goławski, Marcin, Tomaszewska, Agnieszka, Fronczek, Martyna, Maksym, Beata, Banach, Maciej, Osadnik, Tadeusz
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO - genetics; Blood pressure; BMI; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular disease; Coronary heart disease; Coronary vessels; Diabetes; Diet; Dietary Patterns; Exercise; Feeding Behavior; Food and nutrition; Food habits; FTO; gene polymorphism; Genes; genetic factors; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic testing; Haplotypes; Heart; Humans; Hypertension; Influence; Life Style; Male; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology; Metabolic Syndrome - genetics; Nutrition research; Obesity; Osteoarthritis; Poland; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Proteins; Questionnaires; Teenagers; Vein & artery diseases; Womens health; Young Adult; Young adults; Youth
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu16111615

Variants in fat mass and the obesity-associated protein ( ) gene have long been recognized as the most significant genetic predictors of body fat mass and obesity. Nevertheless, despite the overall evidence, there are conflicting reports regarding the correlation between different polymorphisms of the gene and body mass index (BMI). Additionally, it is unclear whether influences metabolic syndrome (MetS) through mechanisms other than BMI's impact. In this work, we aimed to analyze the impact of the following polymorphisms on the BMI as well as MetS components in a population of young adult men. The patient group consisted of 279 Polish young adult men aged 28.92 (4.28) recruited for the MAGNETIC trial. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), located in the first intron of the gene, were genotyped, and the results were used to identify "protective" and "risk" haplotypes and diplotypes based on the literature data. Laboratory, as well as anthropometric measurements regarding MetS, were performed. Measured MetS components included those used in the definition in accordance with the current guidelines. Data regarding dietary patterns were also collected, and principal components of the dietary patterns were identified. No statistically significant correlations were identified between the analyzed diplotypes and BMI ( = 0.53) or other MetS components (waist circumference = 0.55; triglycerides = 0.72; HDL cholesterol = 0.33; blood glucose = 0.20; systolic blood pressure = 0.06; diastolic blood pressure = 0.21). Stratification by the level of physical activity or adherence to the dietary patterns also did not result in any statistically significant result. Some studies have shown that SNPs such as rs1421085, rs1121980, rs8050136, rs9939609, and rs9930506 have an impact on the BMI or other MetS components; nevertheless, this was not replicated in this study of Polish young adult males.