Contact investigation of tuberculosis in Brunei Darussalam: Evaluation and risk factor analysis

IntroductionWe evaluated the yield of tuberculosis (TB) contact investigation in Brunei Darussalam, and identified the associated factors for latent TB infection (LTBI) diagnosis, as well as for initiating and completing LTBI treatment.MethodsData were extracted and digitalised for all close contact...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMJ open respiratory research 2022-06, Vol.9 (1), p.e001224
Main Authors: Chaw, Liling, Abdul Hamid, Rafizah, Koh, Kai Shing, Thu, Kyaw
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
COVID-19
Households
Infections
Noncitizens
Risk assessment
Sociodemographics
Tuberculosis
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Summary:IntroductionWe evaluated the yield of tuberculosis (TB) contact investigation in Brunei Darussalam, and identified the associated factors for latent TB infection (LTBI) diagnosis, as well as for initiating and completing LTBI treatment.MethodsData were extracted and digitalised for all close contacts of pulmonary TB (PTB) cases at the National TB Coordinating Centre from January 2009 to December 2018. Generalising estimating equations logistic regression models were used to determine the associated factors. Manual matching against electronic health records system was done to identify contacts who had progressed to active TB disease.ResultsAmong 10 537 contacts, 9.9% (n=1047) were diagnosed as LTBI, out of which 43.0% (n=450) initiated LTBI treatment. Among those who initiated, 74.0% (n=333) completed LTBI treatment. Contact factors associated with LTBI diagnosis include being male (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.18 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.34)), local (aOR=0.70 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.88)) and a household contact (aOR=1.59 (95% CI 1.26 to 1.99)). Contacts of index cases who were
ISSN:2052-4439
2052-4439
DOI:10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001224