Immune and Inflammation in Acute Coronary Syndrome: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of acute death worldwide. Both innate and adaptive immunity regulate atherosclerosis progression, plaque stability, and thrombus formation. Immune and inflammation dysfunction have been indicated in the pathogenesis of ACS. The imbalance in the proather...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of immunology research 2020, Vol.2020 (2020), p.1-11
Main Authors: Zhang, Ran, Chen, Yundai, Lu, Xue-Chun, Wang, Lin, Jiang, Min, Lin, Lejian, Shao, Junjie, Liu, Zifan, Wang, Haiming, Zhang, Haomin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute coronary syndromes
Adaptive immunity
Arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
Blood clots
Cell adhesion & migration
Clinical trials
Coronary vessels
Disease
Heart attacks
Immune system
Immunology
Immunomodulation
Inflammation
Inflammatory bowel disease
Inflammatory diseases
Lipids
Metabolism
Molecular modelling
Pathogenesis
Plaques
Proteins
Review
Rheumatic diseases
Risk factors
Thrombosis
Veins & arteries
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of acute death worldwide. Both innate and adaptive immunity regulate atherosclerosis progression, plaque stability, and thrombus formation. Immune and inflammation dysfunction have been indicated in the pathogenesis of ACS. The imbalance in the proatherogenic and antiatherogenic immune networks promotes the transition of plaques from a stable to unstable state and results in the occurrence of acute coronary events. The residual inflammatory risk (RIR) has received increasing attention in recent years, and lowering RIR has been expected to improve the outcomes of ACS patients. The CANTOS, COLCOT, and LoDoCo trials verified the benefits of reducing cardiovascular events using anti-inflammation therapies; however, most of the other studies focusing on lowering RIR produced negative or contradicting results. Therefore, restoring the balance in autoimmune regulation is essential because proatherogenic and antiatherogenic immunomodulatory effects are equally important in the complex human immune network. In this review, we summarized the recent evidence of the roles of proatherogenic and antiatherogenic immune networks in the pathogenesis of ACS and discussed how immune and inflammation contribute to atherosclerosis progression, plaque instability, and adverse cardiovascular events. We also provide a “from bench to bedside” perspective of a novel and promising personalized strategy in RIR intervention and therapeutic approaches for the treatment of ACS.
ISSN:2314-8861
2314-7156
DOI:10.1155/2020/4904217