Eggshell Membrane Ameliorates Hyperuricemia by Increasing Urate Excretion in Potassium Oxonate-Injected Rats

Hyperuricemia is the primary cause of gouty arthritis and other metabolic disorders. Eggshell membrane (EM) is an effective and safe supplement for curing pain and stiffness connected with osteoarthritis. However, the effect of EM on hyperuricemia is unclear. This study determines the effects of EM...

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Published in:Nutrients 2021-09, Vol.13 (10), p.3323
Main Authors: Sung, Yoon-Young, Kim, Dong-Seon
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Arthritis
ATP-binding cassette transporter G2
Biomedical materials
Creatinine
Egg Shell - physiology
Egg shells
Eggs
Enzymes
Excretion
Gametocytes
Glucose transporter
Gout
Histopathology
Humans
Hyperuricemia
Hyperuricemia - blood
Hyperuricemia - physiopathology
Hyperuricemia - urine
IL-1β
Inflammation - pathology
Inflammation - physiopathology
Injections
Kidney - pathology
Kidney - physiopathology
Kidney Function Tests
Liver
Male
Membranes
Metabolic disorders
Oocytes
Oocytes - metabolism
Organic Anion Transporters - metabolism
Osteoarthritis
Oxonic Acid - administration & dosage
Pain
Potassium
potassium oxonate
Proteins
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Renal function
Rheumatism
Sodium
Stiffness
urate transporter 1
Urea
Uric acid
Uric Acid - blood
Uric Acid - urine
Urine
Xanthine oxidase
Xanthine Oxidase - metabolism
Xenopus
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description Hyperuricemia is the primary cause of gouty arthritis and other metabolic disorders. Eggshell membrane (EM) is an effective and safe supplement for curing pain and stiffness connected with osteoarthritis. However, the effect of EM on hyperuricemia is unclear. This study determines the effects of EM on potassium oxonate-injected hyperuricemia. Uric acid, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen concentrations in the serum, and xanthine oxidase activity in the liver are measured. Protein levels of renal urate transporter 1 (URAT1), organic anion transporters 1 (OAT1), glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9), and ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2) in the kidney are determined with renal histopathology. The results demonstrate that EM reduces serum uric acid levels and increases urine uric acid levels in hyperuricemic rats. Moreover, EM downregulates renal URAT1 protein expression, upregulates OAT1 and ABCG2, but does not change GLUT9 expression. Additionally, EM does not change xanthine oxidase activity in the liver or the serum. EM also decreases uric acid uptake into oocytes expressing hURAT1. Finally, EM markedly reduces renal inflammation and serum interleukin-1β levels. These findings suggest that EM exhibits antihyperuricemic effects by promoting renal urate excretion and regulating renal urate transporters. Therefore, EM may be useful in the prevention and treatment of gout and hyperuricemia.
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Eggshell membrane (EM) is an effective and safe supplement for curing pain and stiffness connected with osteoarthritis. However, the effect of EM on hyperuricemia is unclear. This study determines the effects of EM on potassium oxonate-injected hyperuricemia. Uric acid, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen concentrations in the serum, and xanthine oxidase activity in the liver are measured. Protein levels of renal urate transporter 1 (URAT1), organic anion transporters 1 (OAT1), glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9), and ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2) in the kidney are determined with renal histopathology. The results demonstrate that EM reduces serum uric acid levels and increases urine uric acid levels in hyperuricemic rats. Moreover, EM downregulates renal URAT1 protein expression, upregulates OAT1 and ABCG2, but does not change GLUT9 expression. Additionally, EM does not change xanthine oxidase activity in the liver or the serum. EM also decreases uric acid uptake into oocytes expressing hURAT1. Finally, EM markedly reduces renal inflammation and serum interleukin-1β levels. These findings suggest that EM exhibits antihyperuricemic effects by promoting renal urate excretion and regulating renal urate transporters. Therefore, EM may be useful in the prevention and treatment of gout and hyperuricemia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/nu13103323</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34684325</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Animals ; Arthritis ; ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 ; Biomedical materials ; Creatinine ; Egg Shell - physiology ; Egg shells ; Eggs ; Enzymes ; Excretion ; Gametocytes ; Glucose transporter ; Gout ; Histopathology ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia ; Hyperuricemia - blood ; Hyperuricemia - physiopathology ; Hyperuricemia - urine ; IL-1β ; Inflammation - pathology ; Inflammation - physiopathology ; Injections ; Kidney - pathology ; Kidney - physiopathology ; Kidney Function Tests ; Liver ; Male ; Membranes ; Metabolic disorders ; Oocytes ; Oocytes - metabolism ; Organic Anion Transporters - metabolism ; Osteoarthritis ; Oxonic Acid - administration &amp; dosage ; Pain ; Potassium ; potassium oxonate ; Proteins ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Renal function ; Rheumatism ; Sodium ; Stiffness ; urate transporter 1 ; Urea ; Uric acid ; Uric Acid - blood ; Uric Acid - urine ; Urine ; Xanthine oxidase ; Xanthine Oxidase - metabolism ; Xenopus</subject><ispartof>Nutrients, 2021-09, Vol.13 (10), p.3323</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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Eggshell membrane (EM) is an effective and safe supplement for curing pain and stiffness connected with osteoarthritis. However, the effect of EM on hyperuricemia is unclear. This study determines the effects of EM on potassium oxonate-injected hyperuricemia. Uric acid, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen concentrations in the serum, and xanthine oxidase activity in the liver are measured. Protein levels of renal urate transporter 1 (URAT1), organic anion transporters 1 (OAT1), glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9), and ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2) in the kidney are determined with renal histopathology. The results demonstrate that EM reduces serum uric acid levels and increases urine uric acid levels in hyperuricemic rats. Moreover, EM downregulates renal URAT1 protein expression, upregulates OAT1 and ABCG2, but does not change GLUT9 expression. Additionally, EM does not change xanthine oxidase activity in the liver or the serum. EM also decreases uric acid uptake into oocytes expressing hURAT1. Finally, EM markedly reduces renal inflammation and serum interleukin-1β levels. These findings suggest that EM exhibits antihyperuricemic effects by promoting renal urate excretion and regulating renal urate transporters. 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Kim, Dong-Seon</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c472t-9fcaec0d34f5e3382d7fe2f1b76b91328e901a33720541a135c37fb0be0d67173</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Arthritis</topic><topic>ATP-binding cassette transporter G2</topic><topic>Biomedical materials</topic><topic>Creatinine</topic><topic>Egg Shell - physiology</topic><topic>Egg shells</topic><topic>Eggs</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Excretion</topic><topic>Gametocytes</topic><topic>Glucose transporter</topic><topic>Gout</topic><topic>Histopathology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hyperuricemia</topic><topic>Hyperuricemia - blood</topic><topic>Hyperuricemia - physiopathology</topic><topic>Hyperuricemia - urine</topic><topic>IL-1β</topic><topic>Inflammation - pathology</topic><topic>Inflammation - physiopathology</topic><topic>Injections</topic><topic>Kidney - pathology</topic><topic>Kidney - physiopathology</topic><topic>Kidney Function Tests</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Membranes</topic><topic>Metabolic disorders</topic><topic>Oocytes</topic><topic>Oocytes - metabolism</topic><topic>Organic Anion Transporters - metabolism</topic><topic>Osteoarthritis</topic><topic>Oxonic Acid - administration &amp; dosage</topic><topic>Pain</topic><topic>Potassium</topic><topic>potassium oxonate</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Renal function</topic><topic>Rheumatism</topic><topic>Sodium</topic><topic>Stiffness</topic><topic>urate transporter 1</topic><topic>Urea</topic><topic>Uric acid</topic><topic>Uric Acid - blood</topic><topic>Uric Acid - urine</topic><topic>Urine</topic><topic>Xanthine oxidase</topic><topic>Xanthine Oxidase - metabolism</topic><topic>Xenopus</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sung, Yoon-Young</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Dong-Seon</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health &amp; 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Eggshell membrane (EM) is an effective and safe supplement for curing pain and stiffness connected with osteoarthritis. However, the effect of EM on hyperuricemia is unclear. This study determines the effects of EM on potassium oxonate-injected hyperuricemia. Uric acid, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen concentrations in the serum, and xanthine oxidase activity in the liver are measured. Protein levels of renal urate transporter 1 (URAT1), organic anion transporters 1 (OAT1), glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9), and ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2) in the kidney are determined with renal histopathology. The results demonstrate that EM reduces serum uric acid levels and increases urine uric acid levels in hyperuricemic rats. Moreover, EM downregulates renal URAT1 protein expression, upregulates OAT1 and ABCG2, but does not change GLUT9 expression. Additionally, EM does not change xanthine oxidase activity in the liver or the serum. EM also decreases uric acid uptake into oocytes expressing hURAT1. Finally, EM markedly reduces renal inflammation and serum interleukin-1β levels. These findings suggest that EM exhibits antihyperuricemic effects by promoting renal urate excretion and regulating renal urate transporters. Therefore, EM may be useful in the prevention and treatment of gout and hyperuricemia.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>34684325</pmid><doi>10.3390/nu13103323</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5712-2215</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Animals
Arthritis
ATP-binding cassette transporter G2
Biomedical materials
Creatinine
Egg Shell - physiology
Egg shells
Eggs
Enzymes
Excretion
Gametocytes
Glucose transporter
Gout
Histopathology
Humans
Hyperuricemia
Hyperuricemia - blood
Hyperuricemia - physiopathology
Hyperuricemia - urine
IL-1β
Inflammation - pathology
Inflammation - physiopathology
Injections
Kidney - pathology
Kidney - physiopathology
Kidney Function Tests
Liver
Male
Membranes
Metabolic disorders
Oocytes
Oocytes - metabolism
Organic Anion Transporters - metabolism
Osteoarthritis
Oxonic Acid - administration & dosage
Pain
Potassium
potassium oxonate
Proteins
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Renal function
Rheumatism
Sodium
Stiffness
urate transporter 1
Urea
Uric acid
Uric Acid - blood
Uric Acid - urine
Urine
Xanthine oxidase
Xanthine Oxidase - metabolism
Xenopus
title Eggshell Membrane Ameliorates Hyperuricemia by Increasing Urate Excretion in Potassium Oxonate-Injected Rats
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