Neuroregeneration and functional recovery after stroke: advancing neural stem cell therapy toward clinical application

Stroke is a main cause of death and disability worldwide. The ability of the brain to self-repair in the acute and chronic phases after stroke is minimal; however, promising stem cell-based interventions are emerging that may give substantial and possibly complete recovery of brain function after st...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neural regeneration research 2021-01, Vol.16 (1), p.80-92
Main Authors: Jiao, Yang, Liu, Yu-Wan, Chen, Wei-Gong, Liu, Jing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Brain research
brain
central nervous system
cognitive impairment
neurological function
plasticity
recovery
regeneration
stem cells
stroke
Care and treatment
Nervous system
Neurological research
Patient outcomes
Regeneration
Review
Stem cells
Stroke
Stroke (Disease)
Transplantation
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Summary:Stroke is a main cause of death and disability worldwide. The ability of the brain to self-repair in the acute and chronic phases after stroke is minimal; however, promising stem cell-based interventions are emerging that may give substantial and possibly complete recovery of brain function after stroke. Many animal models and clinical trials have demonstrated that neural stem cells (NSCs) in the central nervous system can orchestrate neurological repair through nerve regeneration, neuron polarization, axon pruning, neurite outgrowth, repair of myelin, and remodeling of the microenvironment and brain networks. Compared with other types of stem cells, NSCs have unique advantages in cell replacement, paracrine action, inflammatory regulation and neuroprotection. Our review summarizes NSC origins, characteristics, therapeutic mechanisms and repair processes, then highlights current research findings and clinical evidence for NSC therapy. These results may be helpful to inform the direction of future stroke research and to guide clinical decision-making.
ISSN:1673-5374
1876-7958
DOI:10.4103/1673-5374.286955