Chemotactic network responses to live bacteria show independence of phagocytosis from chemoreceptor sensing

Aspects of innate immunity derive from characteristics inherent to phagocytes, including chemotaxis toward and engulfment of unicellular organisms or cell debris. Ligand chemotaxis has been biochemically investigated using mammalian and model systems, but precision of chemotaxis towards ligands bein...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:eLife 2017-05, Vol.6
Main Authors: Meena, Netra Pal, Kimmel, Alan R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell Biology
Chemoreceptors
Chemotactic factors
Chemotactic Factors - metabolism
Chemotaxis
Dictyostelium - drug effects
Dictyostelium - physiology
Food sources
Gram-negative bacteria
Gram-Negative Bacteria - metabolism
Gram-Positive Bacteria - metabolism
Innate immunity
Intracellular signalling
Ligands
macrophages
Microbial colonies
Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Microscopy
Observations
Phagocytes
Phagocytosis
Physiological aspects
Signal Transduction
Standard deviation
Vitamin B
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Summary:Aspects of innate immunity derive from characteristics inherent to phagocytes, including chemotaxis toward and engulfment of unicellular organisms or cell debris. Ligand chemotaxis has been biochemically investigated using mammalian and model systems, but precision of chemotaxis towards ligands being actively secreted by live bacteria is not well studied, nor has there been systematic analyses of interrelationships between chemotaxis and phagocytosis. The genetic/molecular model and mammalian phagocytes share mechanistic pathways for chemotaxis and phagocytosis; chemotax toward bacteria and phagocytose them as food sources. We quantified chemotaxis towards live gram positive and gram negative bacteria and demonstrate high sensitivity to multiple bacterially-secreted chemoattractants. Additive/competitive assays indicate that intracellular signaling-networks for multiple ligands utilize independent upstream adaptive mechanisms, but common downstream targets, thus amplifying detection at low signal propagation, but strengthening discrimination of multiple inputs. Finally, analyses of signaling-networks for chemotaxis and phagocytosis indicate that chemoattractant receptor-signaling is not essential for bacterial phagocytosis.
ISSN:2050-084X
2050-084X
DOI:10.7554/eLife.24627