The Metabolite Profile in Culture Supernatant of Aster yomena Callus and Its Anti-Photoaging Effect in Skin Cells Exposed to UVB

• Published in: Plants (Basel) 2021-03, Vol.10 (4), p.659
• Main Authors: Kim, Woo Sik, Seo, Jeong Hun, Lee, Jae-In, Ko, Eun-Sil, Cho, Sang-Min, Kang, Jea-Ran, Jeong, Jong-Hoon, Jeong, Yu Jeong, Kim, Cha Young, Cha, Jeong-Dan, Ryu, Young-Bae
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antioxidants; Aster yomena callus; Asthma; Atopy; Bioreactors; Callus; Callus culture; Cell culture; Cell division; Cell proliferation; Climate change; Cosmetics; Culture; Cytokines; DNA damage; Elastase; Ethanol; Filaggrin; Functional foods & nutraceuticals; Gelatinase B; Growth factors; Heat treatment; Heat treatments; Hyaluronic acid; Inflammation; Keratin; Keratinization; Keratinocytes; Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Matrix metalloproteinases; metabolite profile; Metabolites; Natural resources; photoaging; Precipitation heat treatment; Quadrupoles; Raw materials; Reactive oxygen species; Skin; Skin diseases; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Ultraviolet radiation; UV exposure
• ISSN: 2223-7747; 2223-7747
• DOI: 10.3390/plants10040659

( ) extract has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-asthma, and anti-atopic effects. However, the commercial use of extract requires a long processing time with specific processing steps (including heat treatment and ethanol precipitation), and there are various environmental problems. We aimed to build a system to produce extract by culturing the callus in a bioreactor that can allow rapid process scale-up to test the effect of extract (AYC-CS-E) isolated from culture supernatant of callus on photoaging of human keratinocytes (HaCaT) caused by ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure. Through screening analysis based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS), 17 major metabolites were tentatively identified from AYC-CS-E for the first time. The suppression of cell proliferation caused by UVB was effectively alleviated in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells treated with AYC-CS-E. Treatment with AYC-CS-E strongly induced the formation of type I procollagen and the inhibition of elastase in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells and significantly reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1. In addition, treatment of UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells with AYC-CS-E effectively improved various factors associated with an inflammatory reaction, skin damage recovery, skin moisture retention, and hyper-keratinization caused by photoaging, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), pro-inflammatory cytokines, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), MMP-3, MMP-9, filaggrin, hyaluronic acid synthase 2 (HAS-2), keratin 1 (KRT-1), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) at the gene and protein levels. These results suggest that AYC-CS-E can be used as a cosmetic ingredient for various skin diseases caused by photoaging, and the current callus culture system can be used commercially to supply cosmetic ingredients.