Shortwave infrared hyperspectral imaging as a novel method to elucidate multi-phase dolomitization, recrystallization, and cementation in carbonate sedimentary rocks

Carbonate rocks undergo low-temperature, post-depositional changes, including mineral precipitation, dissolution, or recrystallisation (diagenesis). Unravelling the sequence of these events is time-consuming, expensive, and relies on destructive analytical techniques, yet such characterization is es...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2021-11, Vol.11 (1), p.21732-21732, Article 21732
Main Authors: McCormick, Cole A., Corlett, Hilary, Stacey, Jack, Hollis, Cathy, Feng, Jilu, Rivard, Benoit, Omma, Jenny E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
704/2151
704/2151/209
704/2151/330
704/2151/3930
Carbon sequestration
Carbonate rocks
Cement
Diagenesis
Dolomite
Humanities and Social Sciences
Laboratories
Limestone
Lithology
Low temperature
Mineralogy
Minerals
multidisciplinary
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sedimentary basins
Sedimentary rocks
Spatial distribution
Stone
Trace elements
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Summary:Carbonate rocks undergo low-temperature, post-depositional changes, including mineral precipitation, dissolution, or recrystallisation (diagenesis). Unravelling the sequence of these events is time-consuming, expensive, and relies on destructive analytical techniques, yet such characterization is essential to understand their post-depositional history for mineral and energy exploitation and carbon storage. Conversely, hyperspectral imaging offers a rapid, non-destructive method to determine mineralogy, while also providing compositional and textural information. It is commonly employed to differentiate lithology, but it has never been used to discern complex diagenetic phases in a largely monomineralic succession. Using spatial-spectral endmember extraction, we explore the efficacy and limitations of hyperspectral imaging to elucidate multi-phase dolomitization and cementation in the Cathedral Formation (Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin). Spectral endmembers include limestone, two replacement dolomite phases, and three saddle dolomite phases. Endmember distributions were mapped using Spectral Angle Mapper, then sampled and analyzed to investigate the controls on their spectral signatures. The absorption-band position of each phase reveals changes in %Ca (molar Ca/(Ca + Mg)) and trace element substitution, whereas the spectral contrast correlates with texture. The ensuing mineral distribution maps provide meter-scale spatial information on the diagenetic history of the succession that can be used independently and to design a rigorous sampling protocol.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-01118-4