Tomographic Joint Inversion of Direct Arrivals, Primaries and Multiples for Monochannel Marine Surveys

Conventional multichannel surveys provide good images in 2D and 3D of the Earth in depth, which are successfully used for the oil and gas industries. However, their cost and environmental impact make them rarely affordable for engineering applications, especially for offshore infrastructures. In thi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Geosciences (Basel) 2022-06, Vol.12 (6), p.219
Main Authors: Vesnaver, Aldo, Baradello, Luca
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Arrivals
Boomer
Cables
Earth science
Environmental impact
Geology
Industry
Lithology
multiple reflections
Ocean floor
Offshore
Offshore engineering
Oil and gas industry
P velocity
P waves
Parameterization
Petroleum engineering
seafloor characterization
Sediments
Seismic wave velocities
Surveys
Thickness
tomography
Travel time
Velocity
Wave velocity
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Summary:Conventional multichannel surveys provide good images in 2D and 3D of the Earth in depth, which are successfully used for the oil and gas industries. However, their cost and environmental impact make them rarely affordable for engineering applications, especially for offshore infrastructures. In this case, monochannel systems, such as Boomers, having cables that are a few-meters long, provide time-domain images that are useful but miss relevant lithological information for engineers, such as the P-wave velocity of shallow layers. In this paper, we present a tomographic approach that exploits multiple reflections, in addition to primaries and direct arrivals, which work for monochannel surveys with a short offset. It can detect lateral variations of velocity and thickness of the first layer under the sea floor. Two complementary algorithms are compared: a pure tomographic inversion, and a tuning exploiting the classical Dix formula; the first one is more precise, while the second is more robust with respect to noise. A two-step inversion with incidence-angle parametrization performs slightly better than a single-step algorithm based on the direct traveltime inversion. We validate the method by synthetic and real data examples.
ISSN:2076-3263
2076-3263
DOI:10.3390/geosciences12060219