Facilitating the structural characterisation of non-canonical amino acids in biomolecular NMR

Peptides and proteins containing non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) are a large and important class of biopolymers. They include non-ribosomally synthesised peptides, post-translationally modified proteins, expressed or synthesised proteins containing unnatural amino acids, and peptides and proteins...

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Published in:Magnetic Resonance : (Göttingen) 2023-02, Vol.4 (1), p.57-72
Main Authors: Kuschert, Sarah, Stroet, Martin, Chin, Yanni Ka-Yan, Conibear, Anne Claire, Jia, Xinying, Lee, Thomas, Bartling, Christian Reinhard Otto, Strømgaard, Kristian, Güntert, Peter, Rosengren, Karl Johan, Mark, Alan Edward, Mobli, Mehdi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Amino acids
Automation
Biology
Biomolecules
Biopolymers
Geometry
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Names
Natural products
NMR
NMR spectroscopy
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Peptides
Post-translation
Protein interaction
Proteins
Simulation
Software packages
Three dimensional models
Topology
Vancomycin
Workflow
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Summary:Peptides and proteins containing non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) are a large and important class of biopolymers. They include non-ribosomally synthesised peptides, post-translationally modified proteins, expressed or synthesised proteins containing unnatural amino acids, and peptides and proteins that are chemically modified. Here, we describe a general procedure for generating atomic descriptions required to incorporate ncAAs within popular NMR structure determination software such as CYANA, CNS, Xplor-NIH and ARIA. This procedure is made publicly available via the existing Automated Topology Builder (ATB) server (https://atb.uq.edu.au, last access: 17 February 2023) with all submitted ncAAs stored in a dedicated database. The described procedure also includes a general method for linking of side chains of amino acids from CYANA templates. To ensure compatibility with other systems, atom names comply with IUPAC guidelines. In addition to describing the workflow, 3D models of complex natural products generated by CYANA are presented, including vancomycin. In order to demonstrate the manner in which the templates for ncAAs generated by the ATB can be used in practice, we use a combination of CYANA and CNS to solve the structure of a synthetic peptide designed to disrupt Alzheimer-related protein-protein interactions. Automating the generation of structural templates for ncAAs will extend the utility of NMR spectroscopy to studies of more complex biomolecules, with applications in the rapidly growing fields of synthetic biology and chemical biology. The procedures we outline can also be used to standardise the creation of structural templates for any amino acid and thus have the potential to impact structural biology more generally.
ISSN:2699-0016
2699-0016
DOI:10.5194/mr-4-57-2023