pH-Responsive Block Copolymer Micelles of Temsirolimus: Preparation, Characterization and Antitumor Activity Evaluation

• Published in: International journal of nanomedicine 2024-01, Vol.19, p.9821-9841
• Main Authors: Wang, Ling, Cai, Fangqing, Li, Yixuan, Lin, Xiaolan, Wang, Yuting, Liang, Weijie, Liu, Caiyu, Wang, Cunze, Ruan, Junshan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Animals; Antimitotic agents; Antineoplastic agents; Antineoplastic Agents - administration & dosage; Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacokinetics; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Carcinoma, Renal cell; Carcinoma, Renal Cell - drug therapy; Care and treatment; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival - drug effects; Diagnosis; Dosage and administration; Drug Carriers - chemistry; Drug Carriers - pharmacokinetics; drug delivery; Drug delivery systems; Drug Liberation; Drugs; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kidney Neoplasms - drug therapy; Kidney Neoplasms - pathology; Male; Methods; Mice; Micelles; mpeg-pbae; nanocellulose; Particle Size; ph-responsive; Polyethylene Glycols - chemistry; renal cell carcinoma; Sirolimus - administration & dosage; Sirolimus - analogs & derivatives; Sirolimus - chemistry; Sirolimus - pharmacokinetics; Sirolimus - pharmacology; Vehicles
• ISSN: 1178-2013; 1178-2013
• DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S469913

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common and lethal type of urogenital cancer, with one-third of new cases presenting as metastatic RCC (mRCC), which, being the seventh most common cancer in men and the ninth in women, poses a significant challenge. For patients with poor prognosis, temsirolimus (TEM) has been approved for first-line therapy, possessing pharmacodynamic activities that block cancer cell growth and inhibit proliferation-associated proteins. However, TEM suffers from poor water solubility, low bioavailability, and systemic side effects. This study aims to develop a novel drug formulation for the treatment of RCC. In this study, amphiphilic block copolymer (poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether-poly(beta-amino ester)) (mPEG-PBAE) was utilized as a drug delivery vehicle and TEM-loaded micelles were prepared by thin-film hydration method by loading TEM inside the nanoparticles. Then, the molecular weight of mPEG-PBAE was controlled to make it realize hydrophobic-hydrophilic transition in the corresponding pH range thereby constructing pH-responsive TEM-loaded micelles. Characterization of pH-responsive TEM-loaded nanomicelles particle size, potential and micromorphology while its determination of drug-loading properties, in vitro release properties. Finally, pharmacodynamics and hepatorenal toxicity were further evaluated. TEM loading in mPEG-PBAE increased the solubility of TEM in water from 2.6 μg/mL to more than 5 mg/mL. The pH-responsive TEM-loaded nanomicelles were in the form of spheres or spheroidal shapes with an average particle size of 43.83 nm and a Zeta potential of 1.79 mV. The entrapment efficiency (EE) of pH-responsive TEM nanomicelles with 12.5% drug loading reached 95.27%. Under the environment of pH 6.7, the TEM was released rapidly within 12 h, and the release rate could reach 73.12% with significant pH-dependent characteristics. In vitro experiments showed that mPEG-PBAE preparation of TEM-loaded micelles had non-hemolytic properties and had significant inhibitory effects on cancer cells. In vivo experiments demonstrated that pH-responsive TEM-loaded micelles had excellent antitumor effects with significantly reduced liver and kidney toxicity. In conclusion, we successfully prepared pH-responsive TEM-loaded micelles. The results showed that pH-responsive TEM-loaded micelles can achieve passive tumor targeting of TEM, and take advantage of the acidic conditions in tumor tissues to achieve rapid drug release.