Climate Change and Water-Related Infectious Diseases

Background: Water-related, including waterborne, diseases remain important sources of morbidity and mortality worldwide, but particularly in developing countries. The potential for changes in disease associated with predicted anthropogenic climate changes make water-related diseases a target for pre...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Atmosphere 2018-10, Vol.9 (10), p.385
Main Authors: Nichols, Gordon, Lake, Iain, Heaviside, Clare
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algal blooms
Anthropogenic climate changes
Anthropogenic factors
Cholera
Climate change
Climate effects
cryptosporidiosis
Developing countries
Diseases
Drinking water
Dysentery
Emissions
Epidemics
Epidemiology
Eutrophication
Floods
Greenhouse effect
Hydrologic cycle
Hygiene
Infectious diseases
LDCs
Legionnaires’ disease
Leptospirosis
Morbidity
Mortality
natural environment
Outbreaks
Pathogens
Public health
risks
Sea level
Sewage
Sewage disposal
Sewerage
Typhoid
Water quality
Water supply
waterborne disease
Waterborne diseases
Citations: Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Background: Water-related, including waterborne, diseases remain important sources of morbidity and mortality worldwide, but particularly in developing countries. The potential for changes in disease associated with predicted anthropogenic climate changes make water-related diseases a target for prevention. Methods: We provide an overview of evidence on potential future changes in water-related disease associated with climate change. Results: A number of pathogens are likely to present risks to public health, including cholera, typhoid, dysentery, leptospirosis, diarrhoeal diseases and harmful algal blooms (HABS). The risks are greatest where the climate effects drive population movements, conflict and disruption, and where drinking water supply infrastructure is poor. The quality of evidence for water-related disease has been documented. Conclusions: We highlight the need to maintain and develop timely surveillance and rapid epidemiological responses to outbreaks and emergence of new waterborne pathogens in all countries. While the main burden of waterborne diseases is in developing countries, there needs to be both technical and financial mechanisms to ensure adequate quantities of good quality water, sewage disposal and hygiene for all. This will be essential in preventing excess morbidity and mortality in areas that will suffer from substantial changes in climate in the future.
ISSN:2073-4433
2073-4433
DOI:10.3390/atmos9100385