Detection of Selected Canine Viruses in Nigerian Free-Ranging Dogs Traded for Meat Consumption

Animal trade favors the spreading of emerging and re-emerging pathogens. Concerns have been previously expressed regarding the risks of dog trade in spreading zoonotic pathogens in Nigeria. However, the role of these dogs in disseminating highly pathogenic canine viruses has not yet been explored. T...

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Published in:Animals (Basel) 2023-03, Vol.13 (6), p.1119
Main Authors: Ndiana, Linda A, Lanave, Gianvito, Desario, Costantina, Odigie, Amienwanlen E, Madubuike, Kelechi G, Lucente, Maria Stella, Ezeifeka, Chukwuemeka A, Patruno, Giovanni, Lorusso, Eleonora, Elia, Gabriella, Buonavoglia, Canio, Decaro, Nicola
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenoviruses
Canine distemper
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Disease
Disease transmission
DNA
DNA sequencing
dog trade
Dogs
Epidemiology
Food consumption
Genes
genetic mutations
Genomes
Meat
molecular characterization
Nigeria
Parvoviruses
Pathogens
Polymerase chain reaction
Proteins
RNA
selected viruses
Strains (organisms)
Thermal cycling
Trade
Vaccines
Veterinary medicine
Viruses
Zoonoses
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Summary:Animal trade favors the spreading of emerging and re-emerging pathogens. Concerns have been previously expressed regarding the risks of dog trade in spreading zoonotic pathogens in Nigeria. However, the role of these dogs in disseminating highly pathogenic canine viruses has not yet been explored. The present study aimed to identify selected canine viruses in dogs traded for meat consumption in Nigeria. A total of 100 blood samples were screened for carnivore protoparvovirus-1 (CPPV-1), canine adenovirus 1/2 (CAdV-1/2), canine circovirus (CaCV), and canine distemper virus (CDV) by using real-time PCR and conventional PCR and/or sequencing. CPPV-1 DNA was identified in 83% of canine samples while CaCV DNA and CDV RNA were detected in 14% and 17% of the dog samples, respectively. None of the dogs tested positive for CAdV-1/2. The CaCVs identified in this study clustered along with other European, Asian, and American strains. Moreover, CDV strains identified in Nigeria clustered in a separate lineage with the closest genetic relatedness to the Europe-South America-1 clade. Further surveys prior to and after arrival of dogs at the slaughtering points are required to clarify the real virus burden in these animals.
ISSN:2076-2615
2076-2615
DOI:10.3390/ani13061119