V-Spline: An Adaptive Smoothing Spline for Trajectory Reconstruction

Trajectory reconstruction is the process of inferring the path of a moving object between successive observations. In this paper, we propose a smoothing spline—which we name the V-spline—that incorporates position and velocity information and a penalty term that controls acceleration. We introduce a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-05, Vol.21 (9), p.3215
Main Authors: Cao, Zhanglong, Bryant, David, Molteno, Timothy C.A., Fox, Colin, Parry, Matthew
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acceleration
adaptive penalty
cross-validation
Farms
Global positioning systems
GPS
hermite spline basis functions
Kinematics
Parameter estimation
piecewise continuous
Reconstruction
Satellites
Smoothing
Vehicles
Velocity
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Summary:Trajectory reconstruction is the process of inferring the path of a moving object between successive observations. In this paper, we propose a smoothing spline—which we name the V-spline—that incorporates position and velocity information and a penalty term that controls acceleration. We introduce an adaptive V-spline designed to control the impact of irregularly sampled observations and noisy velocity measurements. A cross-validation scheme for estimating the V-spline parameters is proposed, and, in simulation studies, the V-spline shows superior performance to existing methods. Finally, an application of the V-spline to vehicle trajectory reconstruction in two dimensions is given, in which the penalty term is allowed to further depend on known operational characteristics of the vehicle.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s21093215