Advances in the Signaling Pathways Downstream of Glial-Scar Axon Growth Inhibitors

Axon growth inhibitors generated by reactive glial scars play an important role in failure of axon regeneration after CNS injury in mature mammals. Among the inhibitory factors, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are potent suppressors of axon regeneration and are important molecular targets...

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Published in:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience 2020-07, Vol.14, p.174-174
Main Authors: Sami, Armin, Selzer, Michael E, Li, Shuxin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens
axon regeneration
Cellular Neuroscience
Chondroitin sulfate
CSPG receptor
Heparan sulfate
Injuries
intracellular signaling
Intracellular signalling
Kinases
LAR
Mammals
Phosphatase
Proteins
Proteoglycans
PTPσ
Regeneration
scar inhibition
Signal transduction
Spinal cord
Spinal cord injuries
Traumatic brain injury
Tyrosine
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container_title Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
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Li, Shuxin
description Axon growth inhibitors generated by reactive glial scars play an important role in failure of axon regeneration after CNS injury in mature mammals. Among the inhibitory factors, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are potent suppressors of axon regeneration and are important molecular targets for designing effective therapies for traumatic brain injury or spinal cord injury (SCI). CSPGs bind with high affinity to several transmembrane receptors, including two members of the leukocyte common antigen related (LAR) subfamily of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs). Recent studies demonstrate that multiple intracellular signaling pathways downstream of these two RPTPs mediate the growth-inhibitory actions of CSPGs. A better understanding of these signaling pathways may facilitate development of new and effective therapies for CNS disorders characterized by axonal disconnections. This review will focus on recent advances in the downstream signaling pathways of scar-mediated inhibition and their potential as the molecular targets for CNS repair.
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subjects Antigens
axon regeneration
Cellular Neuroscience
Chondroitin sulfate
CSPG receptor
Heparan sulfate
Injuries
intracellular signaling
Intracellular signalling
Kinases
LAR
Mammals
Phosphatase
Proteins
Proteoglycans
PTPσ
Regeneration
scar inhibition
Signal transduction
Spinal cord
Spinal cord injuries
Traumatic brain injury
Tyrosine
title Advances in the Signaling Pathways Downstream of Glial-Scar Axon Growth Inhibitors
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