Production of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Type O and A Vaccine Antigens on a Pilot Scale and Determination of Optimal Amount of Antigen for Monovalent Vaccines

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals and causes significant economic losses to the livestock industry. The Type O PanAsia-2 (O PA-2) vaccine strain is protective against a wide range of serotype O FMD virus (FMDV) strains in East Asia, and A22 I...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccines (Basel) 2023-06, Vol.11 (7), p.1156
Main Authors: Kim, Jae Young, Lee, Ji-Hye, Yang, Jong Min, Lee, Seo-Yong, Park, Sun Young, Jin, Jong Sook, Kim, Dohyun, Park, Jung-Won, Park, Jong-Hyeon, Park, Sang Hyun, Ko, Young-Joon
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal diseases
Antigens
Bioreactors
Cell culture
Diseases
Dosage and administration
Drug therapy
Economic impact
FMDV
Foot & mouth disease
Foot-and-mouth disease
Health aspects
Immunization
Inactivation
Infectious diseases
Livestock
Livestock industry
monovalent
Patient outcomes
Polyethylene glycol
scale-up
Swine
Testing
vaccine
Vaccines
Viral vaccines
Viruses
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Summary:Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals and causes significant economic losses to the livestock industry. The Type O PanAsia-2 (O PA-2) vaccine strain is protective against a wide range of serotype O FMD virus (FMDV) strains in East Asia, and A22 Iraq/24/64 (A22 IRQ) is the most widely used vaccine strain in FMD vaccine antigen banks. The aim of this study was to produce antigens from O PA-2 and A22 IRQ viruses using a 100 L bioreactor and evaluate the protective efficacy of varying antigen concentrations in pigs. More than 2 μg/mL of the antigen was recovered from the O PA-2 and A22 IRQ virus-infected supernatants. Further, inactivation of O PA-2 and A22 IRQ by binary ethyleneimine revealed that the viral titers decreased below 10 TCID /mL within 13 h and 9 h, respectively. The O PA-2 and A22 IRQ vaccines, containing 10 μg and 5 μg of antigen, respectively, provided protection against homologous viruses in pigs. This is the first report demonstrating that the antigens obtained from the pilot-scale production of O PA-2 and A22 IRQ are viable candidate vaccines. These results will pave the way for industrial-scale FMD vaccine production in South Korea.
ISSN:2076-393X
2076-393X
DOI:10.3390/vaccines11071156