Anthraquinones and Their Analogues from Marine-Derived Fungi: Chemistry and Biological Activities

Anthraquinones are an interesting chemical class of polyketides since they not only exhibit a myriad of biological activities but also contribute to managing ecological roles. In this review article, we provide a current knowledge on the anthraquinoids reported from marine-derived fungi, isolated fr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine drugs 2022-07, Vol.20 (8), p.474
Main Authors: Hafez Ghoran, Salar, Taktaz, Fatemeh, Ayatollahi, Seyed Abdulmajid, Kijjoa, Anake
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algae
Anthraquinone
Anthraquinones
Anthraquinones - chemistry
Antibiotics
Antifouling substances
Antifungal Agents - metabolism
Antiviral agents
Ascomycota - metabolism
Aspergillus sp
bianthraquinones
Biological properties
Biosynthesis
Coral reefs
Cytotoxicity
Deep sea
Ecosystems
Enzymes
Fungi
Fungi - chemistry
Fungicides
hydroanthraquinones
Inflammation
Kinases
Mangrove swamps
Mangroves
Marine chemistry
Marine invertebrates
marine-derived fungi
Metabolites
Penicillium - metabolism
Penicillium sp
Polyketides
Polyketides - metabolism
Review
Reviews
Sediments
Shallow water
Tuberculosis
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Summary:Anthraquinones are an interesting chemical class of polyketides since they not only exhibit a myriad of biological activities but also contribute to managing ecological roles. In this review article, we provide a current knowledge on the anthraquinoids reported from marine-derived fungi, isolated from various resources in both shallow waters such as mangrove plants and sediments of the mangrove habitat, coral reef, algae, sponges, and deep sea. This review also tentatively categorizes anthraquinone metabolites from the simplest to the most complicated scaffolds such as conjugated xanthone-anthraquinone derivatives and bianthraquinones, which have been isolated from marine-derived fungi especially from the genera , , , , , , , , and other fungal strains. The present review, covering a range from 2000 to 2021, was elaborated through a comprehensive literature search using the following databases: ACS publications, Elsevier, Taylor and Francis, Wiley Online Library, MDPI, Springer, and Thieme. Thereupon, we have summarized and categorized 296 anthraquinones and their derivatives, some of which showed a variety of biological properties such as enzyme inhibition, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antitubercular (against ), cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antifouling, and antioxidant activities. In addition, proposed biogenetic pathways of some anthraquinone derivatives are also discussed.
ISSN:1660-3397
1660-3397
DOI:10.3390/md20080474