Key role of mitochondrial mutation Leu107Ser (COX1) in deltamethrin resistance in salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis)

The pyrethroid deltamethrin (DTM) is used to treat Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) against salmon louse ( Lepeophtheirus salmonis ) infestations. However, DTM resistance has evolved in L. salmonis and is currently common in the North Atlantic. This study aimed to re-assess the association between DT...

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Published in:Scientific reports 2022-06, Vol.12 (1), p.10356-10356, Article 10356
Main Authors: Tschesche, Claudia, Bekaert, Michaël, Bassett, David I., Boyd, Sally, Bron, James E., Sturm, Armin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Amino acids
Bioassays
Crustaceans
Cytochrome-c oxidase
Deltamethrin
Ectoparasites
Genotyping
Haplotypes
Humanities and Social Sciences
Lepeophtheirus salmonis
Mitochondria
Mitochondrial DNA
multidisciplinary
Mutation
Pyrethroids
Salmo salar
Salmon
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
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Summary:The pyrethroid deltamethrin (DTM) is used to treat Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) against salmon louse ( Lepeophtheirus salmonis ) infestations. However, DTM resistance has evolved in L. salmonis and is currently common in the North Atlantic. This study aimed to re-assess the association between DTM resistance and mitochondrial (mtDNA) mutations demonstrated in previous reports. Among 218 L. salmonis collected in Scotland in 2018–2019, 89.4% showed DTM resistance in bioassays, while 93.6% expressed at least one of four mtDNA single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously shown to be resistance associated. Genotyping at further 14 SNP loci allowed to define three resistance-associated mtDNA haplotypes, named 2, 3 and 4, occurring in 72.0%, 14.2% and 7.3% of samples, respectively. L. salmonis strains IoA-02 (haplotype 2) and IoA-10 (haplotype 3) both showed high levels (~ 100-fold) of DTM resistance, which was inherited maternally in crossing experiments. MtDNA haplotypes 2 and 3 differed in genotype for 17 of 18 studied SNPs, but shared one mutation that causes an amino acid change (Leu107Ser) in the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COX1) and was present in all DTM resistant while lacking in all susceptible parasites. We conclude that Leu107Ser (COX1) is a main genetic determinant of DTM resistance in L. salmonis.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-022-14023-1