Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Pathological and Therapeutic Roles of Pericytes in Atherosclerosis

Pericytes are multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells playing an active role in angiogenesis, vessel stabilisation, maturation, remodelling, blood flow regulation and are able to trans-differentiate into other cells of the mesenchymal lineage. In this review, we summarised recent data demonstrating th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-10, Vol.23 (19), p.11663
Main Authors: Dabravolski, Siarhei A, Markin, Alexander M, Andreeva, Elena R, Eremin, Ilya I, Orekhov, Alexander N, Melnichenko, Alexandra A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Apoptosis
Arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis - pathology
Atherosclerosis - therapy
Blood flow
Calcification
Calcification (ectopic)
Cardiovascular disease
Cell differentiation
Cholesterol
Diabetes
Diabetic retinopathy
Growth factors
Hemorrhage
Homeostasis
Humans
Hyperglycemia
Hypertension
Inflammation
Kidney diseases
Lipids
Mesenchyme
Molecular modelling
Musculoskeletal system
Neovascularization, Pathologic - pathology
Pathogenesis
pericyte
Pericytes
Pericytes - pathology
Plaque, Atherosclerotic - pathology
Retina
Review
Risk factors
Shear stress
Smooth muscle
Stem cells
Stromal cells
Therapeutic targets
Vascularization
Vein & artery diseases
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Summary:Pericytes are multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells playing an active role in angiogenesis, vessel stabilisation, maturation, remodelling, blood flow regulation and are able to trans-differentiate into other cells of the mesenchymal lineage. In this review, we summarised recent data demonstrating that pericytes play a key role in the pathogenesis and development of atherosclerosis (AS). Pericytes are involved in lipid accumulation, inflammation, growth, and vascularization of the atherosclerotic plaque. Decreased pericyte coverage, endothelial and pericyte dysfunction is associated with intraplaque angiogenesis and haemorrhage, calcification and cholesterol clefts deposition. At the same time, pericytes can be used as a novel therapeutic target to promote vessel maturity and stability, thus reducing plaque vulnerability. Finally, we discuss recent studies exploring effective AS treatments with pericyte-mediated anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms231911663