The Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology—A single‐center study of 2156 cases

• Published in: Cancer medicine (Malden, MA) MA), 2023-06, Vol.12 (11), p.12198-12207
• Main Authors: Tochtermann, Giulia, Nowack, Miriam, Hagen, Cristina, Rupp, Niels J., Ikenberg, Kristian, Broglie, Martina A., Saro, Francesca, Lenggenhager, Daniela, Bode, Peter K.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cancer; Cellular biology; Cytodiagnosis - methods; Cytology; Cytopathology; Exocrine glands; fine‐needle aspiration (FNA); Humans; Malignancy; Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology (MSRSGC); Oral cancer; Pathologists; Pathology; Retrospective Studies; risk of malignancy (ROM); Salivary gland; Salivary Gland Neoplasms - diagnosis; Salivary Gland Neoplasms - pathology; salivary gland tumors; Salivary Glands - pathology; Tumors
• ISSN: 2045-7634; 2045-7634
• DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5914

Background Fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) represents an important diagnostic tool for the workup of salivary gland (SG) lesions. The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) is a six‐tiered system for standardizing diagnoses and improvement of communication between pathologists and clinicians, providing risk of malignancy (ROM) rates for every category. The aims of the present study were (i) to validate the use of MSRSGC in a large series of SG FNAC in a tertiary center in Switzerland, (ii) to determine ROM for each category and compare them with data from MSRSGC and similar studies, and (iii) to investigate whether there were relevant differences of non‐diagnostic results between fine‐needle aspirations (FNA) performed by cytopathologists compared to non‐cytopathologists. Methods The files of the department of Pathology in the University Hospital Zurich (UHZ) were searched for SG FNAC between 2010 and 2019. The MSRSGC guidelines were applied retrospectively. Furthermore, ROM, risk of neoplasia (RON), sensitivity, and specificity were calculated based on the cases with histopathological follow‐up. Results A total of 2156 SG FNAC including 753 cases with histopathological follow‐up were evaluated. Generally, ROM was within the range of values provided by MSRSGC, with some minor deviations. Sensitivity was 94.6%, and specificity was 99.3%. Conclusions Our study confirms the usefulness of MSRSGC. In addition, it provides a detailed insight into the wide spectrum of SG FNAC. Finally, we showed that the rate of non‐diagnostic FNA was significantly lower in FNAs performed by cytopathologists compared to non‐cytopathologists. This study validated the use of The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology in a large series of 2156 cases in a tertiary center in Switzerland. ROM was determined from 753 cases with histopathological follow‐up and compared with data from MSRSGC and other studies.