Severe Acute Interstitial Nephritis, Dermatitis, and Hemolytic Anemia due to Polyparasitic Infection in an Immunocompetent Male Patient

Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is a relevant cause of acute renal failure. Drugs are the predominant cause, followed by infections and idiopathic lesions. AIN, as a form of hypersensitivity reaction, is an uncommon manifestation in the setting of human parasitic infections. We report a case of a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of men's health 2022-11, Vol.16 (6), p.15579883221139914-15579883221139914
Main Authors: Mrabet, Sanda, Romdhane, Wiem, Fradi, Asma, Boukadida, Raja, Azzabi, Awatef, Guedri, Yosra, Sahtout, Wissal, BenAicha, Narjess, Abdessayed, Nihed, Mokni, Moncef, Zellama, Dorsaf, Achour, Abdellatif
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anemia, Hemolytic
Autoimmune diseases
Case Report
Dermatitis
Humans
Kidney diseases
Male
Mens health
Middle Aged
Nephritis, Interstitial - diagnosis
Parasitic diseases
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Summary:Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is a relevant cause of acute renal failure. Drugs are the predominant cause, followed by infections and idiopathic lesions. AIN, as a form of hypersensitivity reaction, is an uncommon manifestation in the setting of human parasitic infections. We report a case of a polyparasitic infection (Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba coli, and Endolimax nana) resulting in a severe biopsy-proven AIN in a 61-year-old male patient. Despite the antiparasitic treatment followed by corticosteroid therapy, and during the 6-month follow-up period, the patient remained dialysis-dependent, and he developed autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Extensive search for another infection or neoplasia was negative. Immunological tests were also negative. The resulting hypersensitivity reaction to the triple parasite infection would have led to fatal evolution for the kidneys affected by this unusual type of AIN.
ISSN:1557-9883
1557-9891
DOI:10.1177/15579883221139914