Targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Breast Cancer: From Biology to Clinical Challenges

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common women cancer and cause of cancer death. Despite decades of scientific progress in BC treatments, the clinical benefit of new drugs is modest in several cases. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pa...

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Published in:Biomedicines 2023-01, Vol.11 (1), p.109
Main Authors: Cerma, Krisida, Piacentini, Federico, Moscetti, Luca, Barbolini, Monica, Canino, Fabio, Tornincasa, Antonio, Caggia, Federica, Cerri, Sara, Molinaro, Alessia, Dominici, Massimo, Omarini, Claudia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
AKT protein
alpelisib
Biology
Biopsy
Breast cancer
Cancer therapies
Endocrine therapy
Enzymes
Epidermal growth factor
everolimus
Hyperglycemia
Investigations
Kinases
Medical prognosis
mTOR inhibitor
Mutation
PI3K
PI3K inhibitors
Precision medicine
Proteins
Rapamycin
Review
TOR protein
Tumorigenesis
Tumors
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Summary:Breast cancer (BC) is the most common women cancer and cause of cancer death. Despite decades of scientific progress in BC treatments, the clinical benefit of new drugs is modest in several cases. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway mutations are frequent in BC (20-40%) and are significant causes of aggressive tumor behavior, as well as treatment resistance. Improving knowledge of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is an urgent need. This review aims to highlight the central role of PI3K-mTORC1/C2 mutations in the different BC subtypes, in terms of clinical outcomes and treatment efficacy. The broad base of knowledge in tumor biology is a key point for personalized BC therapy in the precision medicine era.
ISSN:2227-9059
2227-9059
DOI:10.3390/biomedicines11010109