Circular RNAs: characteristics, biogenesis, mechanisms and functions in liver cancer

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies globally. Despite aggressive and multimodal treatment regimens, the overall survival of HCC patients remains poor. MAIN: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with covalently closed structures and tissue- or organ-s...

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Published in:Journal of hematology and oncology 2021-08, Vol.14 (1), p.134-134, Article 134
Main Authors: Shen, Hao, Liu, Boqiang, Xu, Junjie, Zhang, Bin, Wang, Yifan, Shi, Liang, Cai, Xiujun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenosine
Animals
Biogenesis
Biomarkers
Biosynthesis
Cancer
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - genetics
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - pathology
Characteristics
CircRNAs
Efficiency
Enzymes
Functions
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Genetic transcription
Genomes
Hematology
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Humans
Liver cancer
Liver Neoplasms - genetics
Liver Neoplasms - pathology
Mechanisms
MicroRNAs - genetics
miRNA
Neoplasm Invasiveness - genetics
Neoplasm Invasiveness - pathology
Oncology
Oncology, Experimental
Protein binding
Review
RNA
RNA, Circular - genetics
RNA-binding protein
Therapeutic targets
Transcription
Transcriptome
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Summary:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies globally. Despite aggressive and multimodal treatment regimens, the overall survival of HCC patients remains poor. MAIN: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with covalently closed structures and tissue- or organ-specific expression patterns in eukaryotes. They are highly stable and have important biological functions, including acting as microRNA sponges, protein scaffolds, transcription regulators, translation templates and interacting with RNA-binding protein. Recent advances have indicated that circRNAs present abnormal expression in HCC tissues and that their dysregulation contributes to HCC initiation and progression. Furthermore, researchers have revealed that some circRNAs might serve as diagnostic biomarkers or drug targets in clinical settings. In this review, we systematically evaluate the characteristics, biogenesis, mechanisms and functions of circRNAs in HCC and further discuss the current shortcomings and potential directions of prospective studies on liver cancer-related circRNAs. CircRNAs are a novel class of ncRNAs that play a significant role in HCC initiation and progression, but their internal mechanisms and clinical applications need further investigation.
ISSN:1756-8722
1756-8722
DOI:10.1186/s13045-021-01145-8