Rapid Detection of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Using Microwave Immunosensor Cavity Resonator

This paper presents a rapid diagnostic device for the detection of the pandemic coronavirus (COVID-19) using a micro-immunosensor cavity resonator. Coronavirus has been declared an international public health crisis, so it is important to design quick diagnostic methods for the detection of infected...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-10, Vol.21 (21), p.7021
Main Authors: Elsheakh, Dalia M., Ahmed, Mohamed I., Elashry, Gomaa M., Moghannem, Saad M., Elsadek, Hala A., Elmazny, Waleed N., Alieldin, Nelly H., Abdallah, Esmat A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antennas
Antigens
Biosensors
Cavity resonators
coronavirus
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Design
diagnostics
Disease transmission
Electrical properties
electromagnetic sensing
Immunosensors
Laboratories
Medical diagnosis
micro-immunosensor
Pandemics
pocket vector network analyzer (VNA)
Polyclonal antibodies
Portable equipment
Public health
Reflectance
Rural areas
Sensors
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Simulation
Software
Viruses
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Summary:This paper presents a rapid diagnostic device for the detection of the pandemic coronavirus (COVID-19) using a micro-immunosensor cavity resonator. Coronavirus has been declared an international public health crisis, so it is important to design quick diagnostic methods for the detection of infected cases, especially in rural areas, to limit the spread of the virus. Herein, a proof-of-concept is presented for a portable laboratory device for the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus using electromagnetic biosensors. This device is a microwave cavity resonator (MCR) composed of a sensor operating at industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) 2.45 GHz inserted in 3D housing. The changes of electrical properties of measured serum samples after passing the sensor surface are presented. The three change parameters of the sensor are resonating frequency value, amplitude and phase of the reflection coefficient |S11|. This immune-sensor offers a portable, rapid and accurate diagnostic method for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which can enable on-site diagnosis of infection. Medical validation for the device is performed through biostatistical analysis using the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) method. The predictive accuracy of the device is 63.3% and 60.6% for reflection and phase, respectively. The device has advantages of low cost, low size and weight and rapid response. It does need a trained technician to operate it since a software program operates automatically. The device can be used at ports’ quarantine units, hospitals, etc.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s21217021