Field Deployment of a Portable Optical Spectrometer for Methane Fugitive Emissions Monitoring on Oil and Gas Well Pads

We present field deployment results of a portable optical absorption spectrometer for localization and quantification of fugitive methane (CH ) emissions. Our near-infrared sensor targets the 2ν R(4) CH transition at 6057.1 cm (1651 nm) via line-scanned tunable diode-laser absorption spectroscopy (T...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2019-06, Vol.19 (12), p.2707
Main Authors: Zhang, Eric J, Teng, Chu C, van Kessel, Theodore G, Klein, Levente, Muralidhar, Ramachandran, Wysocki, Gerard, Green, William M J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
absorption spectroscopy
angle-of-arrival
chemistry
diode laser
Diodes
ENGINEERING
fugitive emissions
Gaussian plume model
infrared
INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
instruments & instrumentation
Lasers
Line of sight
Localization
Methane
natural gas
Optics
OTHER INSTRUMENTATION
Photonics
Pollution monitoring
Sensitivity analysis
Sensors
source estimation
Tunable lasers
VOCs
Volatile organic compounds
Wind speed
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Summary:We present field deployment results of a portable optical absorption spectrometer for localization and quantification of fugitive methane (CH ) emissions. Our near-infrared sensor targets the 2ν R(4) CH transition at 6057.1 cm (1651 nm) via line-scanned tunable diode-laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS), with Allan deviation analysis yielding a normalized 2.0 ppmv∙Hz sensitivity (4.5 × 10 Hz noise-equivalent absorption) over 5 cm open-path length. Controlled CH leak experiments are performed at the METEC CSU engineering facility, where concurrent deployment of our TDLAS and a customized volatile organic compound (VOC) sensor demonstrates good linear correlation (R = 0.74) over high-flow (>60 SCFH) CH releases spanning 4.4 h. In conjunction with simultaneous wind velocity measurements, the leak angle-of-arrival (AOA) is ascertained via correlation of CH concentration and wind angle, demonstrating the efficacy of single-sensor line-of-sight (LOS) determination of leak sources. Source magnitude estimation based on a Gaussian plume model is demonstrated, with good correspondence (R = 0.74) between calculated and measured release rates.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s19122707