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Association of education background with clinical pharmacists' clinical pharmacy workload in tertiary hospitals of China
Workload of healthcare providers may affect the quality of healthcare. Practical evidences have indicated that healthcare providers are differentially associated with workload due to their different education and training background. Clinical pharmacists are an indispensable part of medical teams. U...
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Published in: | BMC medical education 2022-11, Vol.22 (1), p.769-11, Article 769 |
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description | Workload of healthcare providers may affect the quality of healthcare. Practical evidences have indicated that healthcare providers are differentially associated with workload due to their different education and training background. Clinical pharmacists are an indispensable part of medical teams. Under the precondition that clinical pharmacists in China generally undertake uneven clinical pharmacy workload, the relationship of workload and clinical pharmacists' different education backgrounds remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between the education background of clinical pharmacists and their clinical pharmacy workload in China.
A field questionnaire survey using a stratified sampling was conducted to gather data on education background and clinical pharmacy workload through a self-developed instrument. Ordinary least squares regression was used to evaluate the association of the participants' education background with their clinical pharmacy workload.
A total of 625 clinical pharmacists from 311 tertiary hospitals in China participated. Two levels of education: less than bachelor's degree in general pharmacy, or doctoral degree in clinical pharmacy was associated significantly with clinical pharmacy workload of the participants. Participants who had credentials of national level and provincial-level specialized training for clinical pharmacists had undertaken more work than those without. Moreover, the participants' specialized field, such as respiratory medicine and nephrology, was associated with their clinical pharmacy workload.
Enhancing several aspects of education or training among clinical pharmacists in tertiary hospitals in China may help improve their capability to provide clinical pharmacy services. Efforts are needed to improve the education and training system of clinical pharmacists in China. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s12909-022-03859-w |
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A field questionnaire survey using a stratified sampling was conducted to gather data on education background and clinical pharmacy workload through a self-developed instrument. Ordinary least squares regression was used to evaluate the association of the participants' education background with their clinical pharmacy workload.
A total of 625 clinical pharmacists from 311 tertiary hospitals in China participated. Two levels of education: less than bachelor's degree in general pharmacy, or doctoral degree in clinical pharmacy was associated significantly with clinical pharmacy workload of the participants. Participants who had credentials of national level and provincial-level specialized training for clinical pharmacists had undertaken more work than those without. Moreover, the participants' specialized field, such as respiratory medicine and nephrology, was associated with their clinical pharmacy workload.
Enhancing several aspects of education or training among clinical pharmacists in tertiary hospitals in China may help improve their capability to provide clinical pharmacy services. Efforts are needed to improve the education and training system of clinical pharmacists in China.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1472-6920</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1472-6920</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03859-w</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36352419</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BioMed Central Ltd</publisher><subject>Administrator Surveys ; China ; Clinical medicine ; Clinical pharmacist ; Competence ; Curriculum Design ; Developed Nations ; Doctoral Degrees ; Drug stores ; Drug Therapy ; Education background ; Health Services ; Higher education ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Internship Programs ; Marital Status ; Medical education ; National Standards ; Patient Education ; Pharmaceutical Education ; Pharmaceuticals ; Pharmacists ; Pharmacy ; Pharmacy Service, Hospital ; Professional Role ; Professionals ; Qualifications ; Questionnaires ; Sampling ; Scientific Research ; Teaching Methods ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Translations ; Workload ; Workloads</subject><ispartof>BMC medical education, 2022-11, Vol.22 (1), p.769-11, Article 769</ispartof><rights>2022. The Author(s).</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><rights>2022. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-df880800656ee43c5d973999292bfb3c1b87a2bbf444422537e249a7e39cc24e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-df880800656ee43c5d973999292bfb3c1b87a2bbf444422537e249a7e39cc24e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9648015/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2737733002?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,21377,21393,25752,27923,27924,33610,33611,33876,33877,37011,37012,43732,43879,44589,53790,53792</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36352419$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sun, Qingran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Lei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Yuankai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xi, Xiaoyu</creatorcontrib><title>Association of education background with clinical pharmacists' clinical pharmacy workload in tertiary hospitals of China</title><title>BMC medical education</title><addtitle>BMC Med Educ</addtitle><description>Workload of healthcare providers may affect the quality of healthcare. Practical evidences have indicated that healthcare providers are differentially associated with workload due to their different education and training background. Clinical pharmacists are an indispensable part of medical teams. Under the precondition that clinical pharmacists in China generally undertake uneven clinical pharmacy workload, the relationship of workload and clinical pharmacists' different education backgrounds remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between the education background of clinical pharmacists and their clinical pharmacy workload in China.
A field questionnaire survey using a stratified sampling was conducted to gather data on education background and clinical pharmacy workload through a self-developed instrument. Ordinary least squares regression was used to evaluate the association of the participants' education background with their clinical pharmacy workload.
A total of 625 clinical pharmacists from 311 tertiary hospitals in China participated. Two levels of education: less than bachelor's degree in general pharmacy, or doctoral degree in clinical pharmacy was associated significantly with clinical pharmacy workload of the participants. Participants who had credentials of national level and provincial-level specialized training for clinical pharmacists had undertaken more work than those without. Moreover, the participants' specialized field, such as respiratory medicine and nephrology, was associated with their clinical pharmacy workload.
Enhancing several aspects of education or training among clinical pharmacists in tertiary hospitals in China may help improve their capability to provide clinical pharmacy services. Efforts are needed to improve the education and training system of clinical pharmacists in China.</description><subject>Administrator Surveys</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Clinical medicine</subject><subject>Clinical pharmacist</subject><subject>Competence</subject><subject>Curriculum Design</subject><subject>Developed Nations</subject><subject>Doctoral Degrees</subject><subject>Drug stores</subject><subject>Drug Therapy</subject><subject>Education background</subject><subject>Health Services</subject><subject>Higher education</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Internship Programs</subject><subject>Marital Status</subject><subject>Medical education</subject><subject>National Standards</subject><subject>Patient Education</subject><subject>Pharmaceutical Education</subject><subject>Pharmaceuticals</subject><subject>Pharmacists</subject><subject>Pharmacy</subject><subject>Pharmacy Service, Hospital</subject><subject>Professional Role</subject><subject>Professionals</subject><subject>Qualifications</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Sampling</subject><subject>Scientific Research</subject><subject>Teaching Methods</subject><subject>Tertiary Care Centers</subject><subject>Translations</subject><subject>Workload</subject><subject>Workloads</subject><issn>1472-6920</issn><issn>1472-6920</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ALSLI</sourceid><sourceid>CJNVE</sourceid><sourceid>M0P</sourceid><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptUstu1DAUjRCIPuAHWKBILOgmxc_Y3iCNRjwqVWIDa8uvTDxN7MFOGPr3eJpSOoC9sO_1Oefea52qegXBJYS8fZchEkA0AKEGYE5Fs39SnULCUNMKBJ4-up9UZzlvAYCMY_i8OsEtpohAcVr9XOUcjVeTj6GOXe3sbJZAK3OzSXEOtt77qa_N4IM3aqh3vUqjMj5P-e0_2dt6H9PNEJWtfagnlyav0m3dx7zzkxryoca690G9qJ51JXYv78_z6tvHD1_Xn5vrL5-u1qvrxtAWT43tOAccgJa2zhFsqBUMCyGQQLrT2EDNmUJad6QshChmDhGhmMPCGEQcPq-uFl0b1Vbukh9LPzIqL-8SMW2kKk2awUlosOHQUkiZJtpYzhHqnEBQA6o6oIrW-0VrN-vRWePClNRwJHr8EnwvN_GHFC3hANIicHEvkOL32eVJjj4bNwwquDhniRimsOUE8wJ98xd0G-cUylcdUIxhDAD6g9qoMoAPXSx1zUFUrhhqAQEtwQV1-R9U2daN3sTgOl_yRwS0EEyKOSfXPcwIgTx4Ty7ek8V78s57cl9Irx__zgPlt9nwL4Wo1X0</recordid><startdate>20221109</startdate><enddate>20221109</enddate><creator>Sun, Qingran</creator><creator>Chen, Lei</creator><creator>Huang, Yuankai</creator><creator>Xi, Xiaoyu</creator><general>BioMed Central Ltd</general><general>BioMed Central</general><general>BMC</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0-V</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88B</scope><scope>88C</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ALSLI</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CJNVE</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0P</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEDU</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20221109</creationdate><title>Association of education background with clinical pharmacists' clinical pharmacy workload in tertiary hospitals of China</title><author>Sun, Qingran ; Chen, Lei ; Huang, Yuankai ; Xi, Xiaoyu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-df880800656ee43c5d973999292bfb3c1b87a2bbf444422537e249a7e39cc24e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Administrator Surveys</topic><topic>China</topic><topic>Clinical medicine</topic><topic>Clinical pharmacist</topic><topic>Competence</topic><topic>Curriculum Design</topic><topic>Developed Nations</topic><topic>Doctoral Degrees</topic><topic>Drug stores</topic><topic>Drug Therapy</topic><topic>Education background</topic><topic>Health Services</topic><topic>Higher education</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Internship Programs</topic><topic>Marital Status</topic><topic>Medical education</topic><topic>National Standards</topic><topic>Patient Education</topic><topic>Pharmaceutical Education</topic><topic>Pharmaceuticals</topic><topic>Pharmacists</topic><topic>Pharmacy</topic><topic>Pharmacy Service, Hospital</topic><topic>Professional Role</topic><topic>Professionals</topic><topic>Qualifications</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Sampling</topic><topic>Scientific Research</topic><topic>Teaching Methods</topic><topic>Tertiary Care Centers</topic><topic>Translations</topic><topic>Workload</topic><topic>Workloads</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sun, Qingran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Lei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Yuankai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xi, Xiaoyu</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Education Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Social Science Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Education Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Education Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Education</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>BMC medical education</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sun, Qingran</au><au>Chen, Lei</au><au>Huang, Yuankai</au><au>Xi, Xiaoyu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Association of education background with clinical pharmacists' clinical pharmacy workload in tertiary hospitals of China</atitle><jtitle>BMC medical education</jtitle><addtitle>BMC Med Educ</addtitle><date>2022-11-09</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>769</spage><epage>11</epage><pages>769-11</pages><artnum>769</artnum><issn>1472-6920</issn><eissn>1472-6920</eissn><abstract>Workload of healthcare providers may affect the quality of healthcare. Practical evidences have indicated that healthcare providers are differentially associated with workload due to their different education and training background. Clinical pharmacists are an indispensable part of medical teams. Under the precondition that clinical pharmacists in China generally undertake uneven clinical pharmacy workload, the relationship of workload and clinical pharmacists' different education backgrounds remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between the education background of clinical pharmacists and their clinical pharmacy workload in China.
A field questionnaire survey using a stratified sampling was conducted to gather data on education background and clinical pharmacy workload through a self-developed instrument. Ordinary least squares regression was used to evaluate the association of the participants' education background with their clinical pharmacy workload.
A total of 625 clinical pharmacists from 311 tertiary hospitals in China participated. Two levels of education: less than bachelor's degree in general pharmacy, or doctoral degree in clinical pharmacy was associated significantly with clinical pharmacy workload of the participants. Participants who had credentials of national level and provincial-level specialized training for clinical pharmacists had undertaken more work than those without. Moreover, the participants' specialized field, such as respiratory medicine and nephrology, was associated with their clinical pharmacy workload.
Enhancing several aspects of education or training among clinical pharmacists in tertiary hospitals in China may help improve their capability to provide clinical pharmacy services. Efforts are needed to improve the education and training system of clinical pharmacists in China.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BioMed Central Ltd</pub><pmid>36352419</pmid><doi>10.1186/s12909-022-03859-w</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Administrator Surveys China Clinical medicine Clinical pharmacist Competence Curriculum Design Developed Nations Doctoral Degrees Drug stores Drug Therapy Education background Health Services Higher education Hospitals Humans Internship Programs Marital Status Medical education National Standards Patient Education Pharmaceutical Education Pharmaceuticals Pharmacists Pharmacy Pharmacy Service, Hospital Professional Role Professionals Qualifications Questionnaires Sampling Scientific Research Teaching Methods Tertiary Care Centers Translations Workload Workloads |
title | Association of education background with clinical pharmacists' clinical pharmacy workload in tertiary hospitals of China |
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