The effects of tumor-derived supernatants (TDS) on cancer cell progression: A review and update on carcinogenesis and immunotherapy

• Published in: Cancer treatment and research communications 2024-01, Vol.40, p.100823, Article 100823
• Main Authors: Ahmadpour, Sajjad, Habibi, Mohammad Amin, Ghazi, Farzaneh Sadat, Molazadeh, Mikaeil, Pashaie, Mohammad Reza, Mohammadpour, Yousef
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cancer immunotherapy; Host immune system; Premetastasis niche; Tumor microenvironment; Tumor-derived supernatants; Tumorigenesis
• ISSN: 2468-2942; 2468-2942
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100823

•Compounds released by tumor cells provide the necessary weapons to escape the host's immune system, which results in the spread of tumor cells.•The compounds released by the tumor cells change the host immune cells in such a way as to ensure their safety when they spread.•Cancer cells used step-by-step and programed manner to find pre-metastasis niche, and in this masterly action, the role of TDS is undeniable.•Targeting of TDS opens new and attractive window forward to cancer diagnosis and therapy. Tumors can produce bioactive substances called tumor-derived supernatants (TDS) that modify the immune response in the host body. This can result in immunosuppressive effects that promote the growth and spread of cancer. During tumorigenesis, the exudation of these substances can disrupt the function of immune sentinels in the host and reinforce the support for cancer cell growth. Tumor cells produce cytokines, growth factors, and proteins, which contribute to the progression of the tumor and the formation of premetastatic niches. By understanding how cancer cells influence the host immune system through the secretion of these factors, we can gain new insights into cancer diagnosis and therapy. Main secreted factors by tumor cells which expedites complex process reach to host immune system subversion [Display omitted]