Dietary Trace Elements and the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Trace elements such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) are absorbed from food via the gastrointestinal tract, transported into the brain, and play central roles in normal brain functions. An excess of these trace elements often produces reactive oxygen species and damages the b...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2023-04, Vol.15 (9), p.2067
Main Authors: Kawahara, Masahiro, Kato-Negishi, Midori, Tanaka, Ken-Ichiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum
Alzheimer Disease - etiology
Alzheimer's disease
amyloid
Amyloidogenesis
Amyloidogenic Proteins
Brain
Brain damage
conformation
Cytochrome
Dementia disorders
Dementia, Vascular
Diet
Enzymes
Food
gastrointestinal absorption
Gastrointestinal system
Gastrointestinal tract
Hemoglobin
Homeostasis
Humans
Iron
Lewy bodies
Manganese
Metabolism
Metals
Nervous system diseases
Neurodegenerative Diseases - etiology
Neurotoxicity
Oxidative stress
Pathogenesis
Proteins
Reactive oxygen species
reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Review
Synapses
Trace Elements
Vascular dementia
Zinc
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Summary:Trace elements such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) are absorbed from food via the gastrointestinal tract, transported into the brain, and play central roles in normal brain functions. An excess of these trace elements often produces reactive oxygen species and damages the brain. Moreover, increasing evidence suggests that the dyshomeostasis of these metals is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, prion diseases, and Lewy body diseases. The disease-related amyloidogenic proteins can regulate metal homeostasis at the synapses, and thus loss of the protective functions of these amyloidogenic proteins causes neurodegeneration. Meanwhile, metal-induced conformational changes of the amyloidogenic proteins contribute to enhancing their neurotoxicity. Moreover, excess Zn and Cu play central roles in the pathogenesis of vascular-type senile dementia. Here, we present an overview of the intake, absorption, and transport of four essential elements (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn) and one non-essential element (aluminum: Al) in food and their connections with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases based on metal-protein, and metal-metal cross-talk.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu15092067