Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and serum levels as markers of pre-clinical atherosclerosis in polycystic ovary syndrome

• Published in: Journal of ovarian research 2019-10, Vol.12 (1), p.97-12, Article 97
• Main Authors: Rashad, Nearmeen M, El-Shal, Amal S, Abomandour, Hala G, Aboelfath, Amr Mostafa Kamel, Rafeek, Mohamed El Sayed, Badr, Mohammad Samir, Ali, Ayman E, Yousef, Mohammed S, Fathy, Maha Abdelhamid, Sharaf El Din, Mustafa Taha Abdelfattah
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Arteriosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; Atherosclerosis - etiology; Atherosclerosis - pathology; Biochemistry; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Case-Control Studies; Cell adhesion; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell adhesion molecules; Cholesterol; Complications and side effects; Cytokines; Development and progression; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Disease resistance; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Enzymes; Fasting; Female; Gene Expression; Genes; Glucose; Glucose tolerance; Gynecology; Health aspects; Humans; Inflammation; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Intercellular adhesion molecule 1; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - blood; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - genetics; Internal medicine; Medical research; Medicine; Menopause; Middle Aged; Obesity; Obstetrics; Phenotypes; Physiological aspects; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - blood; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - complications; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - genetics; Polymerase chain reaction; Regression analysis; Risk factors; RNA, Messenger - genetics; ROC Curve; Serum levels; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Type 2 diabetes; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Ultrasonic imaging; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1757-2215; 1757-2215
• DOI: 10.1186/s13048-019-0566-5

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disorder characterized by obesity, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a proinflammatory and proatherogenic cytokine which is associated with atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The pathogenesis of PCOS is not precisely known. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential role of ICAM-1 expression and serum ICAM-1 concentrations in pathogenesis of PCOS. Moreover, we aimed to evaluate the possible relationship between ICAM-1 gene expression with carotid intima-media thickness as well as clinic-morphological features of PCOS. This case control study enrolled 180 patients with PCOS and 120 controls groups and they were stratified according to their fasting plasma glucose (FPG) into three subgroups; normal glucose tolerance (NGT) [n = 75], those with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) [n = 65], and 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Circulating ICAM-1 expression levels were determined by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Serum ICAM-1 concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our results revealed that PCOS patients had higher values of ICAM-1expression and serum levels. Among PCOS patients, T2DM patients had the highest values of ICAM-1 expression and serum levels compared to IGT and NGT subgroups. The ICAM-1 expression and serum levels were significantly positive correlated with cardiovascular risk and PCOS phenotypes. Linear regression test showed that HOMA-IR was the main predictors of serum ICAM-1 levels in PCOS. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis revealed that, the power of ICAM-1 expression levels was higher than serum ICAM-1 in diagnosis of PCOS and in differentiating T2DM from IGT and NGT subgroups. Interestingly, combination of both ICAM-1 expression and serum levels improved the diagnostic role of serum ICAM-1. ICAM-1 expression and serum levels were higher in women with PCOS compared to control group also, there was a strong independent association between higher ICAM-1 expression and serum levels with cardiovascular risks in PCOS group.